Forensics Journal - Stevenson University 2010 | Page 27

FORENSICS JOURNAL

society’s attitude toward intolerance for white-collar crime in general
has changed, it seems our justice system has moved in the opposite
direction. Although over the past decade we have seen more severe
sanctions against those convicted of high profile fraud schemes, the
everyday occupational offender continues to benefit from our sympathy and empathy for their particular situation, or for the fact that we
tend to want to see the good in those around us; emotions never to be
experienced by the psychopathic offender.

Gonzalez, T. (2004, August 14). Attorney asks for Sprouse sentence
reduction. NewsVirginian.com. Retrieved from http://www2.newsvirginian.com/wnv/news/local/article/attorney_asks_for_sprouse_sentace_reduction/43988/
Harris, M., & Kaminska, A. (2008). Defending the white-collar
case at sentencing. Federal Sentencing Reporter, 20(3). Retrieved from
http://federalsentencingreporter.com/back_issue.php
Herlinger, C. (1992). Country club criminals. (double standards in
law enforcement). Scholastic Update. Retrieved from http://www.
accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-9259728_ITM

REFERENCES
18 U.S.C. § 3553 (a). Retrieved September 13, 2009 from http://
www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/ 2cdd02b415ea3a64852566d6000daa79/
departures/$FILE/3553_amend.pdf

Higgins, L. (2004, August 24). Chelsea woman who stole from Ann
Arbor Amateur Hockey Association given chance to pay restitution.
In AnnArbor.com. Retrieved from http://www.annarbor.com/news/
woman-who-stole-from-youth-hockey-group-given-chance-to-payrestitution/

Amble, B. (2004, August 24). Beware the corporate psycho. In
Management-Issues. Retrieved September 13, 2009, from http://www.
management-issues.com/2006/8/24/research/beware-the-corporatepsycho.asp

Holtfreter, K. (2005). Is occupational fraud “typical” white-collar
crime? A comparison of individual and organizational characteristics.
Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 353-365. Retrieved from http://web-5.
interliant.com/fsu/cn.nsf/af07002480bfc5ea852570890064167b/$F
ILE/occupational.pdf

Anderson, D. (n.d.). Little prosecution of fraud and white-collar
crime. In LoveFraud.com. Retrieved September 13, 2009, from http://
www.lovefraud.com/06_legalSystemFailures/scant_prosecution.html

Holtfreter, K., Piquero, N., & Piquero, A. (2008). And justice for
all? Investigators’ perceptions of punishment for fraud perpetrators.
Crime, Law and Social Change, 49(5), 397-412. Retrieved from Criminal Justice Periodicals database.

Association of Certified Fraud Examiners. (2008). 2008 Report to the
Nation on Occupational Fraud & Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.
acfe.com/documents/2008-rttn.pdf
Babiak, P. (2008, July). Supply Side. The Meeting Professional.
Retrieved from http://www.mpiweb.org/archive/173/94.aspx

Lane, M. (2009, March 31). Hawkins woman wh