Forager Number 2 Fall 2015 | Page 39

Tjakttjadálvvie Snow falls and blankets the land during pre-winter. After the rut, herds make for the lowland bogs where the last of the vegetation persists. Soon, the snow will be too deep and the reindeer will rely on ground and tree lichens for their winter sustenance. Another round of slaughter takes place before herds are separated into their winter grazing groups, sijdor. This is the season of the journey. The remaining reindeer, mostly female, continue their silent march into the dark forest illuminated by deep blue sky on white snow. Dálvvie The world enters a restorative sleep during deep winter. A thick blanket of snow shelters the earth from the piercing cold. If the snow conditions are right, reindeer can dig out ground lichen from under a layer of snow almost a metre thick. The herders move the sijdor frequently to access scarce ground and tree lichen. They may need to provide supplementary food sources if there is not enough lichen, as it is found only in old growth forests. This is the season of caring. The Sami’s main task is to protect the herd from predators such as wolverine and wolf. The world sleeps under snow and darkness until Gijrradálvvie, when the cycle begins again. Tjakttjadálvvie: Foliose ground lichen on spaghnum in the lowlands Dálvvie: A reindeer forages for lichen beneath snow in deep winter Erika Driedger’s upbringing in coastal British Columbia led her to st udy Natural Resources Conservation at the University of British Columbia. She later conducted a thesis under Swedish researcher, Per Sandström, investigating the cumulative effects of development on reindeer husbandry. Back in BC, Erika Driedger is enjoying the interior, where she works in Aboriginal Relations. Forager 2 Fall 2015 33