Food Quality Magazine October 2015 | Page 26

Food Quality Magazine a) a biochemical process or outcome; b) a physiological process or outcome; c) a functional process or outcome; d) growth and development; e) physical performance; f) mental performance; Vitamin B6 ‘contributes to normal immune system function’ Vitamin B12 ‘contributes to normal immune system function’ Vitamin C ‘contributes to the normal immune system function’ g) a disease, disorder or condition Vitamin D ‘contributes to the normal function of the immune system’. General level health claims (GLHC) Normal collagen formation A ‘general level health claim’ is defined to ‘mean a health claim that is not a high level health claim’. Vitamin C ‘contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal structure of cartilage and bones’ Pre-approved FHRs for GLHCs Vitamin C ‘contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of teeth and gums’ Here is a selection of the 212 pre-approved FHRs for making GLHCs for vitamins and minerals and the substantiated health effects: Free radicals Copper ‘contributes to cell protection from free radical damage’ Manganese ‘contributes to cell protection from free radical damage’ Selenium is ‘necessary for cell protection from some types of free radical damage’ Vitamin C ‘contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of skin’ Reduction of tiredness and fatigue Iron ‘contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Magnesium ‘contributes to a reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Folate ‘contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Zinc ‘contributes to cell protection from free radicals’ Niacin ‘contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Vitamin C ‘contributes to cell protection from free radical damage’ Pantothenic acid ‘contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Vitamin E ‘contributes to cell protection from free radical damage’ Riboflavin ‘contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Oxidative stress Vitamin B6, B12 and C contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue’ Riboflavin ‘contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress’. Immune system function Copper is ‘necessary for normal immune system function’ Iron is ‘necessary for normal immune system function’ Selenium is ‘necessary for normal immune system function’ Zinc is ‘necessary for normal immune system function’ Folate ‘contributes to normal immune system function’ Vitamin A ‘contributes to normal immune system function’ 26 ISSUE 04 | OCTOBER 2015 Normal energy metabolism Calcium, manganese, magnesium, and Vitamins B6, B12 and C are approved to claim the health effect: ‘contributes to normal energy metabolism’ Iodine and phosphorus approved for the health effect: ‘necessary for normal energy metabolism’. Self substantiated FHRs for GLHCs When a food business wants to label food with a GLHC about a nutrient or other property of food, which is not listed in the new health claims standard, the food business must substantiate the FHR through a process of systematic review. Most importantly, a systematic review of the evidence to establish a FHR must include human studies and cannot ssrely on animal or in vitro studies alone. The elements of a systematic review that must be complied with to self- substantiate a FHR are reproduced in Box A. Notified self-substantiated food-health relationships Once a FHR has been self-substantiated according to the prescribed systematic review process, FSANZ must be notified (before the food is placed onto the market) to enable the inclusion of the details to an online register. FSANZ is not involved in assessing the quality of the systematic review, nor whether the FHR is indeed is a ‘reasonable conclusion of the systematic review’ – the food business must ‘certify’ this. If, once the food is advertised and sold, concerns are raised as to the validity of any claim used in the sale of food based on a self-substantiated FHR it is the relevant state food regulatory body with enforcement powers which investigate any allegations of non-compliance with the new health claim standard. Food-health relationships notified to FSANZ (but systematic review of evidence not checked, nor approved) to date include, but are not limited to: Apple cider vinegar and the health effect ‘daily intake of apple cider vinegar can help reduce body weight and body fat in overweight adults’ notified to FSANZ by Capilano Honey Limited Wheat bran fibre and the health effect: ‘increases stool weight; and reduces intestinal transit time’ notifed to FSANZ by Kellogg (Aust) Pty Limited Zespri green kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. ‘Hayward’) and the health effect: ‘can contribute to normal bowel function’ notified to FSANZ by Zespri International Ltd Green Tea Catechins (GCTs) with