FLYUAA NOV Issue | Page 12

A viation history refers to the history of development of mechanical flight from the earliest attempts in kites and gliders to powered heavierthan-air, supersonic and space-flights. The first form of man-made flying objects were kites. The earliest known record of kite flying is from around 200 B.C. in China, when a general flew a kite over enemy territory to calculate the length of tunnel required to enter the region. Chinese emperors also tied prisoners to paper kites, most of whom fell to their death. Centuries later, the first glider flight was demonstrated by Abbas Ibn Firnas in Córdoba, Spain in 875 A.D. Leonardo da Vinci’s dream of flight found expression in several designs, but he did not attempt to demonstrate flight by literally constructing them. Earliest record of the use of buoyancy to achieve un-manned flight is as old as the 3rd century, when Zhuge Liang used hot air balloons for military signaling and to scare away enemy troops. With the efforts to analyze the atmosphere in the 17th and 18th century, gases such as hydrogen were discovered which in turn led to the invention of hydrogen balloons. Various theories in mechanics by physicists during the same period of time notably fluid dynamics and Newton’s laws of motion led to the foundation of modern aerodynamics. Tethered balloons filled with hot air were used in the first half of the 19th century and saw considerable action in several mid-century wars, most notably the American Civil War, where balloons provided observation during the battle of Petersburg. Experiments with gliders laid the groundwork to build heavier-than-air crafts, and by the early 20th century, advancements in engine technology and aerodynamics made con-trolled, powered flight possible for the first time. 12| FlyUAA| www.FlyUAA.org| November Issue S tout Air Services was an airline based in the United States. Stout Air Services was the first regularly scheduled passenger airline in America. Starting services back in November 1st, 1928. Stout Air Services was founded by the engineer and businessman, William Bushnell Stout. Stout operated in close conjunction with his aircraft production company, Stout Metal Airplane company. Stout operated from Ford Airport (Dearborn) under the name Detroit-Grand Rapids Airline with round trip fares of $35 in 1926. An airline of firsts, Stout was the first to hire male flight attendants, and the Book Cadillac Hotel became the first airline ticket office by selling Stout Air Services tickets. With expanded services, Stout operated aircraft as DetroitCleveland Airline. In 1928 Stout Air Services purchased airmail routes from Ford Air Transport Service. On April 29, 1929, Stout Air Services was purchased by United Aircraft and Transport Corporation (UATC). It continued to operate under the Stout name as a separate division. In June of 1930, the Universal Air Lines hangar caught fire destroying 27 aircraft, leaving only five. The fire spread to the neighboring Grey Goose Air Lines hangar that housed aircraft leased to Stout Air Lines. On September 12, 1930, National Air Transport (NAT), itself a newly acquired division of UATC, purchased the Stout division. In 1931, NAT in turn became part of the newly formed United Air Lines. D estinations include: Detroit (Ford Airport (Dearborn)), Grand Rapids (Airport), Cleveland (Airport), Toledo (Airport), Battle Creek (Airport), Kalamazoo (Airport), and South Bend (Airport)). The Stout Air Services fleet consists of the following aircraft as of 1928: The Ford Trimotor (also called the “Tri-Motor”, and nicknamed “The Tin Goose”) was an American three-engined transport aircraft. Production started in 1925 by the companies of Henry Ford and ended June 7, 1933. A total of 199 Ford Trimotors were made.[1] It was designed for the civil aviation market, but also saw service with military units. The Ford Trimotor was sold around the world. Incidents and accidents: Stout Air Service flew over 200,000 miles without an accident or incident. The Stout 2-AT “Pullman” or “Air Pullman” was a single engine all-metal monoplane that was used for early airline travel and air mail transport in America. Issue November| www.FlyUAA.org| FlyUAA| 13