First Mining Zambia Sept/Oct edition | Page 26

FEATURE

FEATURE

Improving Borehole Survey Accuracy in Mining Exploration

The importance of using the correct gyro survey tools and quality controls for borehole trajectory accuracy in mining exploration projects

Today , when it comes to the

exploration of mineral and raw materials in the mining industry , the measurement of the trajectory during drilling – both in the exploration phase and in production – is a key factor that those responsible for the geology , drilling , and planning departments must take into account . Even a slight error in the planning phase can result in the deviation of the well ( or borehole ), missing the final target body .
Many companies and investors fund mineral deposit exploration projects that initially seem very promising . However , as they advance , the results do not always coincide with what was expected . One of the most common causes of this occurrence is the well trajectory missing the target during drilling the borehole . Likewise , the use of incorrect gyro survey technologies , combined with the lack of a robust quality control process used in the selection and operation of these tools , can also result in the well trajectory being off-target .
Further , the use of standard data synchronization programs in conventional systems often starts from the final data . In comparison , the technology implemented by Stockholm Precision tools ( SPT AB ) is based around a rigorous calibration control process for each tool , in addition to measurement checks that compare the In-Run & Out-Run data , which is then automatically processed by the SPT software . Stockholm Precision Tools is the only company in this field of exploration drilling , whose tools are equipped with this intensive quality control process , with the objective of protecting the client ’ s investment .
When it comes to mining exploration , investors seek to obtain the best possible results from their mining projects , whether the target ore is present at
Figure 1 . GyroMaster™
the said location , or not . This provides them with the required returns to the capital they have invested for the mining project . Unfortunately , this is not always the case .
All too frequently , exploration projects overlook the importance of a Quality Assurance , Quality Control ( QA / QC ) Program for the positional survey data from the start . This is important because the data obtained from the geospatial location and the core sample in its exact origin are key to determine the existence or not , of the target mineral , on which the economic viability of the project heavily depends upon .
Advantages of using the correct gyro survey tool An important factor that can affect the quality of a recovered core body sample is the wrong choice of the gyro survey tool , which is often chosen solely based on its price . A detailed analysis is needed around the question : What is
Figure 2 . Core Retriever™ more expensive : renting high-precision true north seeking gyros , such as SPT GyroMaster ™ and Core Retriever™ ( Fig . 1 and 2 ), or the incorrect evaluation of mineral reserves due to the use of a low cost and unreliable gyro survey tool ? gyromaster solid state north seeking gyro instrument
SPT GyroMaster™ : High accuracy True North Seeking Gyro Survey Tool
What is a Gyroscope ? The gyroscope is defined as an object that is in rotation , with two fundamental properties : gyroscopic inertia or “ stiffness in space ” and precession , which is the inclination of the axis at right angles to any force that tends to change the plane of rotation . These properties are inherent in all rotating bodies , including Earth .
Gyroscopic inertia and the force of gravity can be used to make the gyroscope function as a directional indicator or compass . If you consider a gyroscope mounted on the Earth ’ s equator , with its axis of rotation located in the east-west plane , the gyroscope will continue to point in that direction as the Earth rotates from west to east . Thus , the eastern end will ascend relative to Earth , although it will continue to point in the same direction in space .
This resistance or compensation in force makes an opposing movement around the vertical axis , towards the meridian , so that the axis of the gyroscope always points to the true meridian ( or to the true north ).
Due to its operation being based on the rotational force of the Earth and not on magnetism , the GyroMaster™ has multiple applications and its use is increasingly widespread in geology and major mining exploration projects .
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