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The Historic New Orleans Collection, 2018.0194.3 Valsin informs Mme. Lambert that buying a concession in Louisiana—for 100,000 — is a safe way to invest her money, September 14, 1719. Decree declaring that the central bank will buy Company of the Indies shares at 9000 , March 5, 1720. The Historic New Orleans Collection, acquisition made possible in part by the Clarisse Claiborne Grima Fund and the Boyd Cruise Fund, 2010.0158.18 the value of bank notes. Law was arrested, then re-instated, but by year’s end had to flee the country. A series of decrees gradually dismantled the System and returned France to its old, inefficient revenue structure: tax-farms, fee-farms and annuities. Better the devil you know… Epilogue Considerable fortunes—some lasting— were made investing in the Mississippi System; the thousands of wealthy and near-wealthy families who bought in late and paid most for shares were hardest hit by the Bubble’s collapse—like Law, they had gambled big and lost big—but their investments had kept the boom going, allowing France’s underperforming economy, for a time, to greatly expand. The increased money supply and concurrent absorption of state debt had freed the Regency to do some long-overdue housekeeping, including upgrading the Navy’s fleets and personnel, which were essential for the survival of France’s colonies. As for the Compagnie des Indes, even Law’s enemies realized its success could help dig the state out from under the Bubble’s collapse. It was reorganized and absolved of the central bank’s debt; it retained its fleet and its trade monopoly in Louisiana, bringing thousands of colonists and enslaved African workers to its shores over the next decade. New Orleans’s strategic and commercial importance to France was now on display; it would not be abandoned—in fact, it would grow into a city and soon become capital of the colony. Howard Margot is a curator at The Historic New Orleans Collection (THNOC), a museum, research center and publisher dedicated to preserving the history and culture of New Orleans and the Gulf South. Notes 1. There is a Law Street in New Orleans, but the name refers to jurisprudence. 2. The livre tournois was worth almost onefifteenth of a pound sterling. The actual symbol, , was often rendered in manuscripts with a simple hashtag, #. Sources Acts of the Royal French Administration concerning Louisiana, 1717–1771, MSS 268, Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection. http://hnoc.minisisinc .com/thnoc/catalog/3/260 Buvat, Jean and Édouard de Barthélemy. Gazette de la régence janvier 1715–juin 1719: publiée d’après le manuscrit inédit conservé à la Bibliothèque royale de La Haye. Paris: G. Charpentier. 1887. Giraud, Marcel. Histoire de la Louisiane Française (5 vol.). Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. 1953–1966. John Law and Mississippi Company Collection, MSS 1000, Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection. http:// hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/3/34902 John Law Collection (228 imprints, 2 bound volumes, 5 printed broadsides, and 3 manuscripts), MSS 606, Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection. http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/ catalog/3/10047 Law, John. Money and Trade Considered: With a Proposal for Supplying the Nation with Money. First Published at Edinburgh MDCCV. By the Celebrated John Law, Esq; Afterward Director to the Missisipi Company. Glasgow: Printed and sold by R. & A. Foulis. 1750. Law, John and Antoin E. Murphy. John Law’s Essay on a Land Bank. Dublin: Aeon Publishing. 1994. Murphy, Antoin E. John Law: Economic Theorist and Policy-Maker. Oxford: New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press. 1997. www.MoAF.org | Summer 2020 | FINANCIAL HISTORY 35