Farming Monthly National November 2017 | Page 10

| On Topic Scientists join forces with farmers, communities and local authorities in major flood mitigation research project Choosing different crops, building soil organic matter and planting more trees could allow farmers to reduce the risk of nearby rivers from bursting their banks miles downstream, according to an innovative new research project. esearchers in a collaborative project led by the University of Reading will work with farmers, advisors, communities and local authorities across the West Thames area to learn how different land management methods impact on flood risk. The LANDWISE (LAND management in loWland catchments for Integrated flood riSk rEduction) proposal was one of only three to be backed with funding from the National Environmental Research Council (NERC)’s £4.1m Understanding the Effectiveness of Natural Flood Management (NFM) program, and will receive £1.25m. A lot of attention recently has been given to ‘slowing the flow’ within river channels using wood to create leaky barriers. LANDWISE aims to look at the wider landscape and investigate ways to reduce the volume of water entering river channels in the first place, and to ‘slow the flow’ by enabling water to move slowly below the ground surface. This can be done by R 10 | Farming Monthly | November 2017 increasing the amount of water that can be absorbed by soil and returned to atmosphere through crops and trees, or stored in deep groundwater. These more natural methods, including crop choice, land preparation, building soil organic matter and tree-planting, can reduce the amount of water that runs off the land surface. They improve soil structure to allow more rainwater to infiltrate below ground. Dr Joanna Clark, Associate Professor of Environmental Science at the University of Reading, and project lead, said: “If you think about the land surface as a bucket, then these different land use and management methods can help us to increase the size of that bucket and help to empty it so that it can hold more water when it rains again. This is about making small changes over the large catchment area as a whole, rather than large changes in small areas where flooding occurs. “The views, experience and knowledge of farmers, landowners and communities are often overlooked during research that heavily affects them. The LANDWISE project is built upon the innovative practices that are currently ongoing within the West Thames area. We found there are many farmers who have already made responsible changes to their land management practices that have the potential to reduce flooding, and others could be further incentivised by changes in agricultural policy. “More work is now needed to fully understand how effective current efforts made by farmers to rebuild soils have been to reduce flooding - the LANDWISE project will quantify by how much, where and how the flood risk benefits are scaled up from small catchment to large river basins, like West Thames. To do this, we will work on developing methods to measure the land surface from space and use of this data in predictive models alongside local knowledge. We are proud to have been awarded a share of funding that will shed light on how we can reduce the impact of flooding by dealing with the sources of runoff rather than the downstream effect.” The LANDWISE research focuses on the www.farmingmonthly.co.uk