Farming Monthly National February 2018 | Page 25

| Livestock Make colostrum ‘liquid gold’ this spring Calves who don’t receive enough colostrum at birth are more than twice as likely to develop pneumonia, and can have mortality rates as high as 13%. his is just one compelling reason the 3Qs – quality, quantity and quickness of colostrum given after birth – can make a big difference to the need for antibiotic treatments later in an animal’s life, says Gwyn Jones, chair of the Responsible Use of Medicines in Agriculture (RUMA) Alliance. He says this is the rationale behind RUMA’s #ColostrumIsGold message, being promoted throughout February as peak calving and lambing season approaches. The campaign will see UK cattle, sheep and pig sectors teaming up to promote the ‘liquid gold’ properties of colostrum. “RUMA’s been around for over 20 years, giving guidelines on how to use all kinds of medicines responsibly,” explains Mr Jones. “But more recently it’s played a big role in mobilising the farming industry to face up to the threat of antibiotic resistance. “While the danger to human health of using antibiotics to treat disease in farm animals remains widely debated, we do know that the more antibiotics are used, the more likely bacteria will become resistant to them. If we’re not careful, our own stock of antibiotics for use in farm animals could become ineffective in the T www.farmingmonthly.co.uk future – which is why the basics like feeding colostrum properly are so important.” Government data has revealed that 50% of E coli bacteria in newborn lambs are already resistant to spectinomycin, the most commonly used antibiotic used to prevent and treat Watery Mouth. But specialist sheep vet Dr Fiona Lovatt says many lambs contract Watery Mouth because of insufficient colostrum at birth. “The reality is that we simply don’t see Watery Mouth in lambs that have taken enough colostrum on board in that golden 24-hour window immediately after birth,” says Dr Lovatt. A 5kg lamb at birth needs 1 litre of colostrum in its first 24 hours of life to give it essential levels of natural immunity, but importantly, the first feed should be within two hours of birth. “Antibodies – essential in protecting against all disease including E coli infections – cannot cross through the placenta, so must be transferred through colostrum,” she explains. The sheep sector is not alone in having room to improve its colostrum management. A recent study suggests only 5% of dairy farmers are feeding colostrum within the ideal two hours after birth, and only 31% are testing the quality of the colostrum for antibody concentration before feeding it. Veterinary lead at AHDB and pig specialist Dr Mandy Nevel says baby pigs need colostrum too, to maintain body temperature as well as protect them against disease. She says: “Baby pigs are born wet and with very little energy reserve. Ideally they need to get a feed in within the first 30 minutes to prevent hypothermia. This early feed will also provide essential immunity, giving them the best chance of survival in their first few weeks of life. “Sow vaccination is the best way to boost antibody levels in the colostrum. That is why piglets who receive good levels of colostrum early will also be the healthiest at weaning. That extra care in the first hours of life will really make a difference.” Dr Nevel includes post-weaning diarrhoea and respiratory disease as longer term threats for piglets receiving insufficient colostrum at birth. “Colostrum really is a golden opportunity to secure lower antibiotic use and a healthier animal for its whole life.” Farmers and vets looking for more information should search for the #ColostrumIsGold hashtag on Twitter, or go to RUMA’s www.FarmAntibiotics.org website to be signposted to useful tools, resources and case studies from 1 February. February 2018 | Farming Monthly | 25