Erasmus+ 1 | Page 23

The final products were sold in most of the major cities in the region - Bitola, Thessaloniki, Skopje, Istanbul, Izmir, Durres. The factory was equipped with a large number of machines - 461, out of which 10 automatic machines for stationery, 200 machines old pressing system, 200 machines (clocks) for knitting broom, four combs for grooming wool , two steam presses etc. The factory was closed in 1915, as the Bulgarian army took the mechanization in Sliven and Gabrovo in Bulgaria.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century there were ten more textile workshops. Unfortunately, all were closed and destroyed during the First World War. In addition to wool products, cotton was also produced. However, this sector could not have been developed during this period due to the high competition from European cotton producers.

The second negative factor for the development of cotton production was the poor purchasing standard of the Macedonian population. However, between 1933 and 1949, the cotton production industry grew.

But except for cotton and wool, silk was produced on the territory of Macedonia. Modern silk production began in the late 19th century. The main centers for silk worm were the regions of Gevgelija, Dojran, Strumica and Radovish. The first silk processing plant was founded in 1894 in Gevgelija and was owned by Sultan Hamid. The mechanization was made in Italy and set up by Italian experts. At that time the workers worked for 12 to 14 hours a day, for a total of 180 workers, all from Gevgelija. Among them there were women. The factory was closed at the end of the Balkan Wars in 1912 and destroyed during the First World War.

Overall, this war remains a major and serious reason for the catastrophic effect on the silk industry in Macedonia.

In the period from 1918 to 1949 there were 16 companies producing textiles on the territory of the Republic of Macedonia. At the beginning of the Second World War only 12 companies worked.

The companies in the Macedonian textile sector were engaged in silkwashing, weaving fabrics of cotton, wool and artificial silk, knitwear, etc. The most important industrial objects were the cotton fabrics for cotton products, and the only company that owned a spinning mill for wool and cotton processing was located in Strumica.