EQUINE | CPD Article
5) African Horse Sickness virus is transmitted by night-
flying insect vectors, primarily seen in sub-Saharan Africa.
Which insect vector is the principle species responsible for
transmission?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tsetse fly
Culicoides imicola
Aedes vexans
Anopheles stephensi
Metriocnemus knabi
a. Virus neutralisation test.
b. Immunoblotting test.
c. qRT-PCR or RT-LAMP.
d. Competitive blocking ELISA.
e. Complement fixation.
9) What three tests are currently prescribed for international
trade?
6) You attend a farm within an African Horse Sickness
enzootic area to undertake a post-mortem exam on a
recently deceased horse. The owner tells you the horse
developed a sudden onset of respiratory distress, spasmodic
cough, frothy nasal discharge, swelling of the head, neck and
chest and died within 30 hours. At post mortem you note
petechial haemorrhages, ecchymoses on the tongue, gastritis
and hyperaemia. Which form of the disease do you suspect
and which samples would you take?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
8) Which diagnostic tests can detect African Horse Sickness
virus prior to development of clinical signs?
Pulmonary; Nasal swabs.
Cardiac; unclotted whole blood.
Mixed; spleen, lung and lymph nodes.
Horse Sickness fever; conjunctival swabs.
Neurological; brain tissue.
a. Indirect and competitive blocking ELISA and complement
fixation.
b. Virus neutralisation, indirect and competitive blocking ELISA.
c. Competitive blocking ELISA, qRT-PCR and complement
fixation.
d. RT-LAMP, virus neutralisation and indirect ELISA.
e. Complement fixation, RT-LAMP and virus neutralisation.
Q10. Which of the following control options would be
permitted within the UK?
7) Differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness must be
done in the laboratory. There are a range of serological and
molecular based methods that can be used. What method is
used for virus isolation?
a. Next generation sequencing.
b. In vitro cell lines (e.g. Baby Hamster Kidney; African Green
Monkey).
c. Virus neutralisation test.
d. Complement fixation test.
e. qRT-PCR.
a. Quarantine of imported horses, disinfection of aircraft/stables
involved in transportation of horses, vaccination, slaughter of
infected horses and movement control.
b. Control of insect vectors, quarantine of imported horses,
slaughter of infected horses and movement control.
c. Quarantine of imported horses, vaccination, disinfection
of aircraft/stables involved in transportation of horses and
movement control.
d. Slaughter of infected horses, vaccination and movement
control.
e. Disinfection of aircraft/stables involved in transportation
of horses, vaccination, slaughter of infected horses and
movement control.
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