Environmental literacy save our mother earth | Page 12
CAUSES
Most water pollution doesn't begin
in the water itself. Take the
oceans: around 80 percent of
ocean pollution enters our seas
from the land. Virtually any human
activity can have an effect on the
quality of our water environment.
When farmers fertilize the fields,
the chemicals they use are
gradually washed by rain into the
groundwater or surface waters
nearby. Sometimes the causes of
water pollution are quite surprising.
Chemicals released by
smokestacks (chimneys) can enter
the atmosphere and then fall back
to earth as rain, entering seas,
rivers, and lakes and causing
water pollution. That's called
atmospheric deposition. Water
pollution has many different
causes and this is one of the
reasons why it is such a difficult
problem to solve.
EFFECTS
Death of aquatic (water)
animals
The main problem caused by
water pollution is that it kills life
that depends on these water
bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds
and sea gulls, dolphins, and
many other animals often wind
up on beaches, killed by
pollutants in their habitat (living
environment).
facts on water
pollutionDisruption of food
chains
Pollution disrupts the natural
food chain as well. Pollutants
such as lead and cadmium are
eaten by tiny animals. Later,
these animals are consumed by
fish and shellfish, and the food
chain continues to be disrupted
at all higher levels.