Ending Hunger in America, 2014 Hunger Report Full Report | Page 213

Glossary
211: The 211 dialing code that
provides individuals and families
with referral information to
nonemergency health and human
services in their geographic area.
1,000-day window: The 1,000 days
from pregnancy through a child’s
second birthday that is the most
crucial in human development.
Without adequate nutrition during
this period, children can suffer
permanent setbacks to their
cognitive and physical development.

Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA): The federal law signed by
President George H.W. Bush in
1990 prohibiting discrimination
and ensuring equal opportunity
for persons with disabilities in
employment, state and local
government services, public
accommodations, commercial
facilities, and transportation.
Baby Boom Generation: A
generation of Americans born after
World War II until the mid-1960s.

Affordable Care Act: The U.S. health
care law (a.k.a. Obamacare) signed
by President Obama in 2010 that
aims to improve access to health
coverage for low-income Americans.

Breakfast in the Classroom: All
students eat breakfast at no charge
in their classroom, either at the
beginning of the school day or early
during the day.

Alliance to End Hunger: A
diverse coalition of 85 member
organizations—corporations,
non-profit groups, universities,
associations, individuals, health
care providers, foundations, and
faith-based organizations—all
working together to build the public
and political will to end hunger
domestically and internationally.

Budget Control Act of 2011
(sequestration): Imposed caps
on discretionary programs that
reduce their funding by more than
$1 trillion from 2012 through 2021.
It also established a Joint Select
Committee on Deficit Reduction to
propose legislation reducing deficits
by another $1.2 trillion over the
same period.

American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act (Recovery
Act): The $787 billion economic
recovery plan enacted in February
2009 with provisions for federal tax
cuts and incentives, investments in
infrastructure repair, expansion of
unemployment benefits and other
social entitlement programs, as well
as support to states so that they
could continue to fund services. 

Capacity building: Development
assistance specifically designed
to build skills and/or technical and
management capacity among the
beneficiaries.
Cash transfer: Public assistance
that is provided as cash. The
Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families (TANF) is a U.S. program
that provides cash transfers to
families with dependent children.

Child and Dependent Care Tax
Credit: A nonrefundable credit that
allows taxpayers to claim a credit
for paying someone to care for their
children or other dependents who
are unable to care for themselves.
The credit ranges from 20-35
percent of the taxpayer’s expenses.
Child Tax Credit: A non-refundable
tax credit provided to parents. The
credit may be as much as $1,000
per qualifying child depending upon
the parents’ incomes.
Circle of Protection: An initiative
launched in 2011 by a broad
coalition of Christian groups to
oppose budget cuts to programs
that would slash or eliminate
programs that provide essential
services for poor and vulnerable
populations in the United States and
abroad.
Civil society: The sphere of civic
action outside of the government
comprised of citizens’ groups, such
as nongovernmental organizations,
religious congregations, academic
institutions, labor unions and
foundations.
Clean energy: Energy that does
not produce carbon dioxide when
generated. It includes hydropower,
nuclear, geothermal, and solar
power, among others.
Climate change: Climate change refers
to a change in the state of the climate
that can be identified over an extended
period, typically decades or longer.

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