Electrical Gems #151 | Page 29

FEATURE ¢ WHAT ARTICLES WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE? LET US KNOW: [email protected] THE EMISSIONS ISSUE INSIDE THE MIND OF... A SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT GIVEN THAT BUILDINGS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 40% OF THE WORLD’S CARBON EMISSIONS, IT’S NO SURPRISE THAT ENGINEERING FIRMS ARE PUTTING SUSTAINABILITY RIGHT UP THERE WHEN IT COMES TO BOTH NEW BUILDS AND RENOVATION PROJECTS. ELECTRICAL GEMS GETS THE LOWDOWN FROM NORTHROP CONSULTING ENGINEERING’S SUSTAINABILITY CONSULTANT MATHEUS SANTOS. hen it comes to sustainability, what are the key things you consider when designing a building? W The environmental impact of buildings is primarily established at the schematic design stage. The most basic decisions of size, orientation and form often have the greatest impact on the resources required during operation. If the design team consistently think of minimising energy consumption as these decisions are made, the building itself can have a great impact on the efficiency of heating, cooling and lighting. After the building is designed, you then look at maximising the use of natural energy, through passive heating, passive cooling and daylighting systems, and then you ensure the mechanical and electrical equipment used is as efficient as possible. Why is natural light in buildings so popular, and how do you make the most of it? In the second half of the 20th century, we saw vast amounts of electric lights being used in buildings – daylighting wasn’t really considered. It’s easy to understand why – it’s cheap and electricity was abundantly available. It meant designers were permitted to ignore window size and location when designing buildings. But the dynamic nature of daylight is now seen as a virtue, from a wellbeing perspective as well as an energy perspective. And what about natural airflow? How can you use that to regulate temperature, rather than using an air conditioner? By naturally ventilating a building and mechanically assisting natural ventilation, you can reduce or eliminate the use of HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) systems. Simulations of thermal comfort show that, depending on the climate and the specific purpose of the building, these strategies would maintain the user’s comfortability for around 80% of the time throughout the year. What type of products can help reduce a building’s emissions? The equipment installed in a building can have a high impact on sustainability. From the installation of PE and motion sensors on lights through to the incorporation of monitoring on or turn off lights when is senses sufficient daylight is a relatively recent development. What role do electrical engineers play in designing a new build? Light and power are two of the key areas that control every environment that we work, live and play in. Lighting selection affects how we perceive spaces, interact and feel throughout the day and, as such, electrical engineers provide some of the most interactive elements of the design process. The power supply is often not thought about enough, and Level 3 electrical engineers are vital for all new buildings to ensure that power can get in and out of the building. Otherwise, all of the other systems won’t work. What are the most significant contributions you’ve seen an electrical engineer make to the outcome? Matheus Santos is a sustainability consultant at Northrop Consulting Engineering how often the flush is activated on urinals, and to the colour of lights and how they affect the circadian rhythms of a building’s occupants. Other products that are beneficial in this regard are lighting controls including dimmers, Deciphering Digital Addressable Lighting Interface systems, organic response lighting; the efficient selection of IT/ICT equipment, dim systems when not in use and effective monitoring of systems. When it comes to security, a lighting system that dims and turns off when no one is around can be useful, while the correct selection of backup power systems can be highly important. The use of photocell controls to automatically dim I have seen a lot of contributions from electrical engineers, especially when achieving great sustainability outcomes. Usually done by effectively working closely with the design team with an integrated design approach, the electrical engineers were able to specify very efficient lighting systems coupled with daylight and motion sensors for an office building, reducing the heat loads from the lighting system. A big part of the energy consumption was offset by energy from the solar panels on the roof. What do contractors need to get involved in such projects? Passion. A passion for sustainability and reducing emissions is essential to work on interesting projects that are designed to make a difference. If you are not willing to actively seek out and justify the best solution, you will always settle for a sub-optimal end product. JUN – JUL 2019 GEMCELL.COM.AU 29