EFL in Synchronous Online Classes | Page 21

14 activities such as describing a picture or anything in mind by writing short comments or sentences on the discussion board. This literature review has shown that distance learning is not only a gateway to education that extends beyond borders as well as political, economic, and geographical limitations, but also an incubator for student collaboration, confidence, commitment, and responsibility. Therefore, virtual classrooms provide an environment that fosters self-efficacy, motivation, self-testing, and concentration as well. In summary, throughout all of the studies that were presented in this literature review are related to previous studies and their exploration of available scholarly literature found in distance learning, distance education and e-learning articles in order to give researchers with great potential in this field the opportunity to implement the conditions that were discussed in this paper for an effective virtual classroom in future research. Moreover, the findings of this research could be beneficial for the success of this study and online instructors as well, and a turning point on the way to further progress.