manufacturing companies , stock feed manufacturers and fertilizer applicators .
4 . Supply chain logistics : business and authorities who are involved in the transport and distribution of feedstocks and by-products . For example , harvesting operators , trucking companies , rail operators , port operators and distributors .
One of the key drivers and market movers will be when consumers begin to value and account for environmental benefits of these renewable technologies and products in consumer markets .
5 . Research and technology providers : organisations that are involved in the development of technologies for commercial applications . For example , university , chemical companies , equipment providers , Original Equipment Manufacturers ( OEMs ), scientific and engineering companies . price of coal makes it difficult for many alternative power generation technologies to compete on a cost basis , as does the lack of a framework or requirement for incorporating environmental factors and other externalities into purchasing decisions . Tax credits , procurement policies and other incentives could be implemented to incentivise locally produced fuel , power , and products .
MARKET SEGMENT APPROACH TO VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS There are many interrelated value chains that need to be established for the development of successful industries . It may be beneficial to look at the overall value chains across seven related market segments , to help identify potential building blocks for the overall bioindustries .
1 . Feedstock suppliers : businesses that provide renewable , replenishable or waste feedstocks for conversion to value-added products . For example : agricultural producers , used cooking oil collectors , animal fat manufacturers , green waste collectors , timber processors , municipal solid waste , wastewater treatment plants and algae producers .
2 . Product handlers , traders and processors : organisations that use natural , renewable or recyclable feedstocks and convert them to tradeable products and by-products .
3 . End product , energy , feedstock materials and by-product customers : industries that purchase intermediary and endproducts , energy , recycled products and by-products . For example : electricity grid customers , ‘ behind-the-meter ’ customers , trucking companies , mining companies , fuel companies , chemical processors ,
6 . Industry facilitators : organisations , associations , bodies and panels that represent the waste management and by-products value chain , and who provide advocacy and facilitate development of the waste industry .
7 . Investors , entrepreneurs and innovation brokers : companies and entities that provide investment , and facilitation for emerging recycling and energy / byproducts opportunities .
ESTABLISHING BUSINESS CASES FOR OVERALL VALUE CHAINS To establish circular economy opportunities , the following details will need to be investigated in order to prepare a business case :
• An input / output flow ( system ) diagram showing all stages and components of the production process including potential by-products and known waste streams
• A process flow diagram with assumptions on production scenarios
• Demand and markets discussion including :
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