Drink and Drugs News December 2016 | Page 15

More about treatment at www.drinkanddrugsnews.com Photos taken by one of the group participants which, she states, show using her psychological resources, such as gratitude – a deeper appreciation of everyday things in life, savouring through photography, and being mindful of the experience. Figure 2: A simple graphic of the aim of positive psychology. encouraged to engage in group exercises and work in between sessions, acquiring skills and psychological resources that will help them with their recovery. For people with addictions the work must begin by restoring character strengths. Taking the VIA strengths test – available to anyone at www.viastrengths.org – enables them to discover their top five signature strengths to follow specific objectives. A goal-oriented mindset can then be facilitated through increasing people’s willpower or motivation, as well as their ‘waypower’ – their ability to set and achieve realistic goals while being able to deal with challenges. What is needed is a radical change in the attitude people have towards life, taking responsibility to find the right solutions to whatever comes up. People need empowerment through increasing their resilience to take control over their own lives, and be given the freedom to accept or reject the opportunities life presents. Finding what makes life worth living through the deeper appreciation of www.drinkanddrugsnews.com gratitude, learning about how generating positive emotions in one’s life can build an upward spiral, and recognising the importance of compassion towards oneself and others, are all psychological resources that can provide us with tremendous support during hardship. Focusing intentionally on our immediate experience and becoming grounded in the present moment through the formal and informal practices of mindfulness will help with the integration of the aforementioned aspects into our lives. And last but not least, we can use mindfulness to put basic nutrition into action to keep ourselves healthy. The end product of learned skills and acquired resources is resilience – the ability to cope with adversity by replacing maladaptive coping strategies. Although it is too early to draw conclusions, the results of the first pilot study are promising. People’s lives in the group have changed significantly. Based on participants’ feedback, nothing had made them think as much as this intervention before. One participant said: ‘I feel like I have just woken up! I see life in a totally different light!’ Another said: ‘This intervention has changed my way of thinking about myself. I think I shall give myself a little more credit from now on.’ They also felt that the intervention taught them to rely more on themselves: ‘I don’t want to go to the recovery services for the rest of my life,’ and were empowered by the skills and resources they acquired. The main themes arising from the feedback were ‘I can do this!’ ‘I am capable’, and ‘life is worth living’. Based on the results of the study questionnaires, participants have become more mindful, their dependence on substances has decreased, their wellbeing has increased and they feel more resilient and more hopeful. They have become less anxious and less depressed, and finally, they have more positive emotions and positive experiences. We intend to start a second pilot study in January 2017, which will test an improved version of the intervention. The authors would like to thank the clients who participated in the programme and Lifeline Project Bolton for their cooperation, and Alcohol Research UK for funding the pilot study. This project would not have been possible without their support. Katalin Ujhelyi is a PhD student at the University of Bolton, Jerome Carson is professor of psychology at the University of Bolton, and Ioanna Melidou is psychosocial interventions team manager for Lifeline Project. For further details of this work contact: [email protected] Full references online at www.drinkanddrugsnews.com December 2016 | drinkanddrugsnews | 15