While tragic , this type of incident is not uncommon in trench operations . In fact , OSHA ’ s records indicate that at least three employees died working in trenches in October alone , with another fatal cave-in occurring just 19 days beforehand . Thus , while the hazards are well known , these incidents underscore the necessity for comprehensive safety programs in trench operations to both prevent injuries and mitigate legal repercussions when they occur .
Weighing the Dangers
Effective safety in trench operations starts with identifying and assessing potential risks . Understanding these risks allows for proactive planning and implementation of safety measures , reducing the likelihood of severe injuries .
Employers should begin with a broad review of general construction risks , such as fall hazards and the use of vehicles and heavy equipment . These risks are prevalent across the construction industry and require ongoing mitigation efforts .
For work in trenches , OSHA indicates that cave-ins are the “ primary hazard .” Thus , a soil analysis should generally be conducted before workers enter a trench to determine the appropriate protection ( e . g ., sloping , benching , shoring , or shielding ). Employers should also consider the potential dangers from struck-by hazards , falling loads , public vehicular traffic , and undermined structures
. OSHA provides the following five “ key ” trench safety tips :
1 . Ensure there is a safe way to enter and exit
2 . Ensure trenches have cave-in protection
3 . Look for standing water and test for atmospheric hazards
4 . Keep materials away from the edge of the trench
5 . Never enter a trench unless it has been properly inspected by a competent person
Thinking Ahead Saves Lives
Once the potential risks are understood , employers should plan strategically for safety . Safety planning should address both general and site-specific hazards and must be an ongoing process integrated into all operations .
A foundational step is developing a comprehensive safety program . This program should cover all potential hazards , control measures , managerial responsibilities , employee training , and other safety topics , such as emergency response plans . A copy of the program should be provided to each employee upon onboarding and be readily accessible at job sites . Additionally , regular updates to the program should be performed to address newly discovered risks and lessons learned .
Site-specific safety plans are also vital . These plans should detail unique project
JUNE 2024 • DITCHMEN 3