REPORT DESCRIPTION
A distribution transformer or service transformer provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system , stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customer . Distribution transformers usually do not operate at full load ; they are designed to offer maximum efficiency at lower loads . Voltage regulation in these transformers is kept minimum to improve efficiency . Thus , distribution transformers are designed to have small leakage reactance . Transformers smaller than 500 kVA are generally called distribution transformers . Distribution transformers with voltage distribution less than 33 kV are used in industries , while 380V / 220V distribution transformers are used for domestic purposes . The number of customers fed by a single distribution transformer varies depending on the number of customers in an area . Several homes may be fed off a single transformer in urban areas ; rural distribution may require one transformer per customer .
A large commercial or industrial complex would require multiple distribution transformers . Pad mount transformers are used in urban areas and neighborhoods where the primary distribution lines run underground . Distribution transformers are manufactured using a core made from laminations of sheet steel stacked . These are either glued together with resin or banded together with steel straps . Where large numbers of transformers are made to standard designs , a wound C- shaped core is economic to manufacture . A steel strip is wrapped around a former , pressed into shape , and then cut into two c-shaped halves , which are re-assembled on the copper windings .
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Distribution Transformer Market : Dynamics and Trends
Formerly , distribution transformers for indoor use would be filled with a polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) liquid . They have been banned , as these liquids persist in the environment and have adverse effects on animals . Other fire-resistant liquids such as silicones are used where a liquid-filled transformer must be used indoors . Certain vegetable oils have been applied as transformer oil ; these have the advantage of a high fire point and are completely biodegradable in the environment . Transformer / distribution polarity is required when there is a need for parallel transformers to gain additional capacity or to hook up three single-phase transformers to make a three-phase bank . The way the connections are made affects angular displacement , phase rotation , and direction of rotation of connected motors . Polarity is also important when hooking up current transformers for relay protection and metering .
Distribution Transformer Market : Segmentation