Diplomatist Special Report Argentina | Page 19

THE IMMIGRATION FROM INDIA TO ARGENTINA By Dr. Lía Rodriguez de la Vega origin” (High Level Committee of the Indian Diaspora, n.d., paragraphs 1 and 2). In this context, the Indian presence in Argentina can be dated from the 19th century, which are the fi rst signs and documents that attest to this. From that time until now, this small community (2400 persons, according to what has been indicated by the Embassy of India in Argentina) has been integrating themselves into the residence society, with the presence of a continuous fl ow towards the country. This text aims to address the community of Indian residents and their descendants in the Argentine Republic, noting their general characteristics, their insertion, their contributions and challenges. The Indian Diaspora and the migration to Argentina Leclerc (2004) points out that the idea of a “diaspora” to refer to the emigrants from India already appears in an article by Bharati (1976), but was popularized in the decade of the ‘90s, associated with the holding of international conferences on the theme, the creation of a Center for the Study of this Diaspora, at the University of Hyderabad, in 1996, and the creation, by the Indian government, of the High Level Committee on the Indian Diaspora (2000), which carried out a survey of expatriate communities. It should be noted that the Indian Diaspora is considered one of the largest in the world, in terms of its volume, estimated by the Indian Ministry of Foreign Aff airs / MEA (2017) in 31.2 million Indians (and their descendants), residing outside India. Argentina, a country that has traditionally been a recipient of immigration, received several immigrant contingents, most 19 Introduction In the current globalized context, 258 million people currently live outside their country of origin (UN, 2017) while it can be said that the phenomenon of the mobility of people impacts in diff erent ways in the domestic and international sphere. The emigrated collectives, under the denomination of diaspora, thus form part of the non-state actors, which are considered as “those units of the international system (entity, group, individual) that enjoy the ability to mobilize resources that allow them to achieve their objectives, that have the capacity to exert infl uence on other actors of the system and that enjoy a certain autonomy “(Barbé, 2008, p.153), which develop diverse infl uences at a local and global level. The dynamics of such human groups, based in diff erent countries of the world, implies the consideration of culture (understood as the symbolic-expressive dimension of social practices) (Geertz 1973/2003) and identity (which implies the incorporation of culture on the part of the subjects, having a non-essential character but intersubjective and relational, allowing delimit what they consider “own” of what is not, translating not only diff erence but also inequalities) (Giménez, 2007). Thus, while Vertovec considers that the term diaspora is used to refer to any de-territorialized or transnational population (Vertovec and Cohen, 1999), referring to the “Indian diaspora”, the Indian government understands it as “a generic term that describes people emigrated from territories that are currently within the boundaries of the Republic of India. It also refers to his descendants” and points out that these people “living in distant lands” “retained their emotional, cultural and spiritual ties with their country of