Design & Build 02 | Page 47

Design I t is difficult to raise the aware- ness on this important issue, but if we think that every year we take our vehicle to a sort of check-up to be sure that we drive safely, it feels inappropriate that the main investment we have - our hous- es and for a government its strategic buildings - has not had any form of significant work done to them in order to improve and update their structural performance. Till about 20 years ago, and in many cases even today, when engineers and architects intervened on existing structures, they were forced to inter- rupt the use of a structure because available technologies were very in- vasive. Furthermore, the interven- tions were involving somewhat long periods of construction related to the large use of reinforced concrete, heavy steel plate bonding and section enlargement; these were the only technologies available to improve the structural performance of any type of building. Composite materials, made of very strong fibres immersed in an epoxy matrix known as Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP), entered the construction industry in the late 80’s, and rapidly demonstrated their efficacy; derived from an excellent strength to weight ratio and relative ease and rapid installation times when compared to the more traditional techniques. Composite materials... entered the construction industry in the late 80’s... and rapidly demonstrated their efficacy Steel textiles can be externally bonded to the substrate via wet lay-up. Alternatively, they can be impregnated with an inorganic matrix. DESIGN&BUILD Q1, 2017 45