Footwear Interventions for Foot and Ankle Arthritis
Table 3 . Characteristics of included prospective observational studies .
Author Nos . (% female )
Moncur and Ward 1990 [ 17 ]
25 RA ( 100 %)
Sample characteristics , mean ( SD )
• Age : 57 ( not reported )
• Disease duration : not reported
Followup ( wk )
Intervention |
Control |
Outcome measures |
Findings |
Quality |
|
|
|
|
score |
12 • Heat-mouldable shoes ( Thermold , P . W . Minor Extra Depth Shoe Co .)
• Extra depth , extra forefoot width , mouldable Plastomold lining , pillow top , leather upper , heat mouldable
No control
Primary outcome not tated
Outcomes assessed
Walking ability ( 1 – 10 Likert scale )
Walkingability ( 1 – 10Likert scale )
Between group measures 39 % Not assessed .
Within group measures
Significant improvement in walking ability ( p < 0.01 ) at follow-up .
39 %
Rome et al . [ 11 ] |
36 Gout ( 8 %) |
Age : 57 ( 13 ) duration : 15 ( 11 ) |
8 • Good footwear characteristics • ( ASICS CardioZip )
• Leather upper , rubbersole , dual densitymidsole , rigid heel counter , moderate midfoot solestability , heel and forefoot cushioning
• Poor footwear characteristics
• ( Dunlop Asteroid ) Synthetic upper , rubbersole , single density midsole , minimalheel counterstiffness , minimal midfootsolestability , no cushioning
• ( Dunlop Apollo )
|
Own footwear |
• Primary outcome
• Footpain ( VAS )
• Outcomes assessed
• Function ( HAQ-II )
• General pain ( VAS )
• Lower limb function ( LLTQ )
• Impairment and disability ( LFIS )
|
Between group measures
• Not assessed .
• Within group measures
• Significant improvement in foot pain ( p = 0.002 ), general pain ( p = 0.001 ), HAQ-II ( p = 0.002 ) and LFIS impairment subscale ( p = 0.004 ) observedin good footwear characteristics group at follow-up .
• No significant improvement in poor footwear characteristics group at follow-up .
|
86 % |
|
|
|
• Synthetic upper , synthetic sole , single density midsole , minimal heel counter stiffness , minimal midfoot sole stability , no cushioning |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
• ( Helix Viper ) Syntheticupper , Phylonsole , singledensity midsole , moderate heel counter stiffness , minimal midfoot sole stability , heel and forefoot cushioning |
|
|
|
|
Therapeutic footwear
The use of therapeutic footwear was reported
[ 13 ], [ 17 ], [ 18 ], [ 20 ], in five studies for people with RA
[ 22 ]
. Footwear characteristics included extradepth in the forefoot region to accommodate for foot orthoses and forefoot deformity , soft leather upper and smooth lining to offer protection , laces , padded heel counter to improve fit at the heel and a long inside counter to improve rearfoot stability and arch support [ 18 ] .
Therapeutic footwear combined with foot orthoses
The use of therapeutic footwear with a foot orthosis was reported in two studies for people with RA [ 19 ], [ 21 ] . Footwear characteristics included a wide and deep toe box was used to accommodate for the foot orthoses . Foot orthoses used in these studies included semirigid and soft devices , manufactured as both prefabricated and custom .
30 Pedorthic Footcare Association | www . pedorthics . org