Current Pedorthics | July-August 2021 | Vol. 53, Issue 4 | Page 29

Mobile Apps for Foot Measurement in Pedorthic Practice : Scoping Review
Table 3 : Categorical distributions of the reviewed foot measurement apps ( N = 26 ).
Subcategory Count , n (%) 3D Foot Scanner 9 ( 35 ) 2D Foot Scanner 8 ( 31 ) Shoe Recommender 4 ( 15 ) Simple Size-unit Converter 2 ( 8 ) Foot Progress Tracker 2 ( 8 ) Foot Tilt Calculator 1 ( 4 )
foot scanning apps ( 17 / 26 , 36 %) targeted young adults and adolescents . There were two apps , Jenzy : Easy Kid Shoe Sizing and Remeasure Body , which targeted users in younger age groups ( 2-18 years old ). However , the Remeasure Body app was not a 2D or 3D scanning app but rather a foot progress tracking app . The assessment revealed many commercial apps that use advanced image scanning and processing techniques to determine foot size , shoe type , and size , and even reconstructed 3D foot models to obtain shoe and insole sizes ( ATLAS-Scan your feet !, ECLO , Fischer Scan-Fit , Nimco Professional Shoe Sizing , Jenzy : Easy Kid Shoe Sizing , ShapeCrunch ).
The assessment results showed that the overall navigability , design , and appeal of current apps scored higher than other aspects of the apps , with usability ranging from 3.75 to 4.50 ( Table 2 ). However , the general range of the measurement-specific functionality was low for all of the apps reviewed , except for Nimco Professional Shoe Sizing . This app performed better in terms of its ability to measure foot length and width , foot instep height , and ball girth . The app also includes a 3D model reconstruction feature of the foot using the procured
Table 4 : Overall app ratings .
Assessment criteria
Assessment score Mean ( SD )
95 % CI Aesthetics 4.17 ( 0.95 ) 3.79-4.56 General 2.69 ( 0.90 ) 2.33-3.05 Performance 4.33 ( 0.44 ) 4.16-4.51 Usability 4.14 ( 0.74 ) 3.85-4.44 Functionality 1.93 ( 0.70 ) 1.65-2.21 Subjective 3.50 ( 0.97 ) 3.11-3.89 Transparency 4.24 ( 1.04 ) 3.82-4.66 Impact 2.94 ( 0.94 ) 2.56-3.32 Total 3.49 ( 0.61 ) 3.25-3.74
measurement values . An additional feature of the app is that it can suggest shoe shape and size based on the processed 3D foot model .
Except for one app , all others on the list were free to download , with 31 % ( 8 / 26 ) of the apps having subscription packages available ; these were essential to obtain full access to the apps ’ functionality suite ( limited access is free ).
The mean overall app rating was 3.49 out of 5 ( Table 4 ). Significant differences were detected across domains , most notably impact , general features , and functionality received the lowest ratings . In contrast , the most highly rated domains were performance and transparency . Other domains that scored higher mean values were aesthetics and usability ( Table 4 ).
Internal Consistency of the Modified Scale and Interrater Reliability
We used Cronbach [ 37 ] to calculate the internal consistencies of the overarching domains of the modified rating scale : aesthetics , general app features , performance and efficiency , usability , measurement-specific
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