� push forward the demands for trade union democracy , for putting the trade union apparatus into the hands of the workers , etc . The levers for party work in the trade unions must be the Communist fractions as well as groups founded by the Communists and sympathizing with them . It is necessary to utilize the present strike wave in order to organize the unorganized workers . The miners and engineering workers , the coolies working on the plantations and agricultural labourers in general , represent the least organized sections of the Indian proletariat and the Communists need to devote the necessary attention to them .
The Communists must unmask the national reformism of the Indian National Congress and oppose all the phrases of the Swarajists , Gandhists , etc ., about passive resistance , with the irreconcilable slogan of struggle for the emancipation of the country and the expulsion of the imperialists .
In relation to the peasantry and peasant organizations the Indian Communists are faced above all with the task of acquainting the widest strata of the peasantry with the general demands of the party in the agrarian question , for which purpose the party must work out an agrarian programme of action . Through workers connected with the village , as well as directly , the Communists must stimulate the struggle of the peasantry for partial demands , and in the process of struggle organize peasant unions . It is essential to pay particular attention to make sure that the newly-created peasant organizations do not fall under the influence of exploiting strata in the village . It is necessary to give to the existing peasant organiza-tions a concise programme of concrete demands and to support the activities of the peasants through demonstrations of workers in the towns .
It must be remembered that under no circumstances can the Communists relinquish their right to open criticism of the opportunist and reformist tactics of the leadership .
Extract from ‘ Revolutionary Movement in the Colonies and Semi-Colonies ’.
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November - 2021 from page 22 Two Centenaries ...
cooperation with imperialism . They still hold back the development of the labour movement splitting and disorganizing it for their own class purpose .” Over a century , how far change is there in the scene ? Political developments and imperialism ’ s position in the region provide the answer : Not that much , or broadly nothing , or the bourgeois leaders / politics still control / dominate everything – from life to economy to politics , from ideology to world view to agenda , from discourse to debate to mass communication and publicity . Moreover , in areas , their grip has tightened ; and many of capitals ’ onslaughts go unchallenged . In many areas of politics and social mobilization , the initiative , and in cases , all activities have been handed over to the so-called NGOs , the non-political appearing political organizations , the long arm of foreign policy of imperialism . Vacuums in many areas of politics , culture , environment and ecology , and struggle have not been filled by the CPs / its factions , but by the NGOs . Environment and ecological rights , a vital democratic space to clench from capital , have not been effectively pronounced as part of democratic rights .
In no part , the question of democracy of the people – New Democracy – could be thrust forward as alternative to the “ democracy ” the exploiting classes organize and uphold although the “ democracy ” of the exploiting classes , after so many years since it began its journey in different forms , stands as non-representative , participatory , accountable , transparent and responsive . The question of democracy is always considered in relation to , and by connecting to the “ democracy ”, in all its sham character and appearance , the exploiting classes have erected . It ’ s a major failure reflecting many aspects of the CPs ’ programs , working , approach , and staying under the shadow of politics of the exploiting classes .
As a whole , it ’ s a part of the reality in this sub-continent , going on for a century , dominated by the ruling capitals ; and this signifies that the dominating capitals are more organized , powerful and efficient than their class enemies – the exploited as the exploited masses of people are constantly bombarded with bourgeois ideology , politics and political programs , which the exploited peoples have to smash and send to the pages of history .
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During the twenties and thirties , Stalin and other Bolshevik leaders led many struggles against opportunist tendencies within the Party . The refutation of anti-Leninist ideas coming from Trotsky , then Zinoviev and Kamenev , finally Bukharin , played a central role . These ideological and political struggles were led correctly , arcading to Leninist principles , firmly and patiently .
The Bolshevik Party led a decisive ideological and political struggle against Trotsky during the period 1922 – 1937 , over the question of the possibility of building socialism in one country , the Soviet Union . Using ‘ leftist ’ ideology , Trotsky pretended that soialist construction was impossible in the Soviet Union , given the absence of a victorious revolution in a large industrialized country . This defeatist and capitulationist thesis was the one held since 1918 by the Mensheviks , who had concluded that it was impossible to build socialism in a backward peasant country . Many texts by Bolshevik leaders , essentially by Stalin and Bukharin , show that this stuggle was collectly led .
In 1926 – 1927 , Zinoviev and Kamenev joined Trotsky in his struggle against the Party . Together , they formed the United Opposition . The latter denounced the rise of the kulak class , criticized ‘ bureaucratism ’ and organized clandestine factions within the Party . When Ossovsky defended the right to form ‘ opposition parties ’, Trotsky and Kamenev voted in the Politburo against his exclusion . Zinoviev took up Trotsky ’ s ‘ impossibility of building socialism in one country ’, a theory that he had violently fought against only two years back , and spoke of the danger of the degeneration of the Party .
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