Document : Part-1
Socio-Economic and Political Analysis of India ’ s Semi-Colonial & Semi-Feudal State Character
This document was written by a Comrade of CPI ( ML ) almost two years back . We are treating it as a positive and a good effort . This document summarized and composed various facts , figures , and analysis , as given in Comrade T . Nagi Reddy ’ s famous book , “ INDIA MORTGAGED ” as well as from some survey reports . Now we are giving Part-1 of this document and remaining parts will appear in the forthcoming issues .’
Preface
It is a matter of great concern for the toiling masses of our country that , even after elapsing a prolonged period of 74 long years since the British Imperialist forces transferred the state power of India into the hands of the Indian authorities in 1947 , India has not yet been able to become a developed Industrialised country . The country not only remained to be underdeveloped but even the basic requirements like food , clothing , shelter , education , and medical treatment of most of the toiling people of our country are not yet been fulfilled , although there has been no scarcity of natural resources , manpower or intellect in our country . Then what is the actual cause behind this back wardness ? Where does the problem exist ?
The problem exists in the state character of our country . In 1947 , the state power has been transferred to the hands of such an exploiting class of our country , which is not only power-mongering and extremely selfinterest oriented but at the same time is a great tout of Imperialist forces , — the big comprador bourgeoisie and big landlord class of our country and their political entity - the Indian National Congress Party . And with the nexus of all these internal exploiting classes as well as the world Imperialist forces , our country has been subjected to all-out exploitation for a long period and therefore , it has remained to be a Semi-Colonial and Semi-Feudal country . In a nutshell , this is the main reason why our country remained in a poor , underdeveloped , and backward condition , even after 74 years of
June - 2022 achieving the so-called ‘ Independence ’ in 1947 .
In this context , we will first discuss our Semi-Colonial state of affairs and later , the Semi-Feudal character will be dealt with in detail .
Before we proceed towards analyzing in detail the Semi-Colonial state character of India , let us first discuss in detail what is meant by a Semi-Colonial State Character . And in this respect , various descriptions and analyses , as given by Com . Lenin will certainly be the most appropriate and acceptable definition for every one of the communist fraternity . So , let us proceed towards that end .
Lenin , in his famous book “ Imperialism : The Highest Stage of Capitalism ”, has given a very comprehensive and analytical description in this regard and also that of Imperialism , since the subject matter is directly related to imperialist exploitation . It is therefore important that we , first of all , go through the various analytical descriptions of Lenin on both Imperialism and Semi Colonialism as well .
Lenin wrote , - “ Imperialism is capitalism in that stage of development in which the dominance of monopolies and finance capital has established itself ; in which the export of capital has acquired pronounced importance ; in which the division of the world among the international trusts has begun ; in which the division of all territories of the globe among the biggest capitalist powers has been completed .” (‘ Imperialism : the Highest Stage of Capitalism ,’ page - 106 ).
Before this , Lenin explained how the finance capital operates , —
“ Finance capital is such a great , it may be said , such a decisive force in all economic and in all international relations , that it is capable of subjecting , and actually does subject to itself even in states enjoying fullest political independence ; we shall shortly see examples of this . Of course , finance capital finds most ‘ convenient ’ and is able to extract the greatest profit from such subjection as involves the loss of the political independence of the subjected countries and peoples . In this connection , the semi-colonial countries provide a typical example of the middle stage ’. It is natural that the struggle for these semi-dependent countries should have become particularly bitter in the epoch of finance capital when the rest of the world has already been divided up .” ( ibid , page - 97 ).
“ We have seen , the first and second world wars between the imperialist powers to re-divide the world . After World War-1 , the victorious powers robbed the vanquished powers and tried to force them out of contention . At the same time , World War-1 ended with the emergence of a socialist state , the USSR . Till then , the national movements of colonies and Semi- Colonies were weak . But , in World War-II , the imperialist countries , which were vanquished in the previous war , started a most aggressive war , forming an Axis power . The other imperialist forces first tried to direct the war against the USSR but failed . World War-II turned out to be an anti-fascist war , but at the same time , the national movements all over the world also developed . After World War-II , the
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