Therefore it is clear that Semi- Colonial countries , despite having political independence , economically are so much dependent on Imperialism that they gradually become enmeshed in the net of Imperialist finance capital , and as a result , bit by bit they proceed towards loss of independence .
Thus , from the various quotations of Com . Lenin as mentioned above and the subsequent description of the post 2 nd World War situations , whatever features as regards imperialistic exploitation policy , as well as characteristics of semi-colonial countries , has emerged , are as follows — Feature 1 ) — In the post-second world war period , imperialism , in its moribund and decaying stage , has adopted the policy of exporting finance capital to underdeveloped and backward countries . This has been one of their most useful and effective policies of exploitation . Feature - 2 ) — In Semi-Colonial countries , imperialism , instead of their direct rule , consigns the reigns of power into the hands of their trained and loyal agents . Feature - 3 ) — In the process of establishing their trained agents into a state power in these backward countries , the big bourgeoisie class comes to be the most reliable and dependable associate of imperialism , because as they took birth to the sperm of imperialism and in the womb of feudalism , they always remain loyal to their imperialist masters and therefore , right from the beginning , these big bourgeoisie are of comprador characteristics . Their self-interest in accumulating more and more capital is closely linked with the process of exploitation of the imperialist finance capital . Feature - 4 ) — Despite political independence , these backward and Semi-Colonial countries , in an effort to develop their own country in a steady and planned manner , take on the initiative to acquire huge amounts of foreign loans and thereby get enmeshed in the net of imperialist
June - 2022 finance capital . And as a result , they emerge into a financial crisis and gradually proceeded towards loss of political independence .
It is , therefore , logical to analyze the above four features in the context of India ’ s Socio-Economic and political perspective , which will automatically conclude as to whether the state character of India is semi-colonial or not .
Accordingly , we will now analyze these four features , one by one , based on various facts , figures , and historical pieces of evidence available with us , right from the period of British rule in our country . Analysis of Feature 1 ) — In the postsecond world war period , imperialism , in its moribund and decaying stage , has adopted the policy of exporting finance capital to underdeveloped and backward countries . This has been one of their most useful and effective policies of exploitation :
“ After World War-II , the imperialists have been forced to change their old style of direct colonial rule and exploitation . They have adopted a new style of exploitation by relying on certain agents in newly independent countries . Through economic ‘ aid ’ of other forms such as direct investments , the imperialists make all efforts to retain these countries as the market for their goods , as an outlet for export of capital , and as a source of raw materials , to plunder the riches and suck the blood of the people of these countries . This new colonialism is more pernicious and sinister than the old form of colonialism . The imperialists adopt every means available to preserve colonial exploitation of the peoples of the former colonies by adopting new forms and new methods . They try to retain , extend and strengthen their hold through various levers of economic control .
One of the most important plans adopted by imperialism in its various forms of export of capital - private and government - is ‘ aid ’ capital , the latest form of export of capital adopted by imperialist countries to continue their hold in the former colonial countries ,
‘ export of capital as distinguished from the export of commodities acquires exceptional importance .’ ( Lenin ).
There is a belief that aid is a kind of dis-interested international magnificence : Those who propagate this view are deceiving the people in the face of clear evidence of its role as a weapon of influence and control . President Kennedy , without disguising the role of ‘ aid ’, said in 1961 that , “ foreign aid is a method by which the United States maintains a position of influence and control around the world , and sustains a good many countries which would definitely collapse or pass into the communist bloc ”. Therefore , aid is a means to maintain the influence and control ’ over countries to which it is given , to ‘ sustain countries from collapsing ’ - meaning thereby , to protect the ruling classes of the aid receiving countries from the growing revolutionary forces . As a former senior economist of the US Agency for International Development has admitted , - ‘ economic assistance is one of the instruments of foreign policy that is used to prevent political and economic conditions from deteriorating in countries where we value the preservation of the present government ’.
In June 1920 , Lenin had expressed that — ‘ It is essential constantly to expose and to explain to the widest masses of the working people everywhere and particularly in backward countries , the deception practiced by the imperialist power with the help of privileged classes in the oppressed countries in certain ostensibly politically independent states , which are in reality completely dependent on them economically , financially and militarily ’. ( Thesis on National Colonial Question , adopted by the Second Congress of Communist International , reproduced in ‘ Documents of the History of the Communist Party of India ’. page - 204 ).
Therefore , it is no wonder that President Nixon , proclaimed that – “ Foreign assistance is quite clearly in our interest as a nation ’, asking the American Congress for a massive
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