With the great insights on enzyme catalytic mechanisms , biosynthesis, structure ,
and the rapid development of physical and chemical technology, the rapid
rise of molecular enzymology and enzyme engineering has been promoted,
making enzyme engineering an important role in bioengineering. In fact, it is
an epoch-making leap in human understanding of enzymes, transformation
of new enzymes and extensive use of enzymes.
The microbial enzyme source is the main source of enzyme engineering
research. Biodiversity is closely related to human survival. It has been
recognized because of microbial diversity, rapid growth rate, controllability
of culture, low production cost, and easy gene mutation. The advantages of
clonal recombination and high-efficiency expression enable humans to
quickly obtain excellent genetic engineering bacteria, and the microbial
enzyme source will undoubtedly play a greater role.
Enzyme modification with genetic engineering and protein engineering are
the main directions. The relationship between enzyme structure and function
is still the basis of enzyme engineering research and the core of support: the
success or failure of engineering or designing new enzymes lies in the
accurate comprehension of the relationship between the static, dynamic
structure and catalytic mechanism of natural enzymes, and also depends on
the molecular structure of the gene template.