Creating Profit Through Alliances - business models for collaboration E-book | Page 73

To determine how attractive a franchising formula is for the franchisees, three cost components are important:    the size of initial investments to set up a shop or sales office; the size of the monthly payment in return for using the formula; the margin obtainable through sales, based on purchasing costs and freedom to set prices. Where it concerns an established franchise formula, the costs for a franchisor usually concern the consultations and part of the shop furnishing. The major investments have been made before, and the most important risks have been taken. At bottom, he is the party that stands to gain most from the negotiations. Aligning propositions and referral Pioneering franchisors will need to keep the franchisee's initial investments low and possibly refrain from asking a one-off compensation. This reduces the starting-up risks for the franchisee. This risk will also seem less if the franchisor agrees to share in the investment; this will have a positive impact on the formula's growth rate. Where two companies align their propositions and refer to each other, this will generally not see much in the way of cost settlement. In most cases both parties bear their own costs for the alignment and possible product or service modifications. Aside from that, the expenses of joint marketing campaigns may be shared; see also the paragraph about co-branding. Research has shown that the size of the monthly payment does not seem to influence the growth rate. However, this payment should be such that it combines with the profit margin of the turnover to produce a profitable franchise. As the formula ages, the pressure will increase to reduce the monthly payment: franchisees become more experienced and less dependent on the formula, for example because they know their customers and their needs better, and mutual competition increases 31. In the services sector it is still common to work with a lead fee. Simply contributing a potential client or arranging an assignment can be reason for the contracting party to remunerate the contributor. For a single lead this may be a few percent, but for an entire sales trajectory percentages of 10 to 30% are customary. In many cases, the franchisee will need to finance the launch of his or her company. The furnishing of a location, hiring and training personnel, a sub-optimal staffing at first and building and maintaining stocks all cost money. These financing costs also need to be incorporated in the business case. Also referring Internet users through links or banners on another website, known as affiliate marketing, can be regarded as partnering; the more so if payment is offered for each completed sales transaction, rather than for each „click‟ as Google does with Adwords. 71