Creating Profit Through Alliances - business models for collaboration E-book | Page 54

From normal value to top value   having market dominance (e.g. Coca Cola's omnipresence); owning the customer relationship (as Dell does, as PC assembler). They also note that most companies produce standard products without any cost advantage, or even at a cost disadvantage. A number of the most powerful business models as described by Slywotzky and Morrison can be realised more successfully as a partnership than on one's own. These models are discussed below. Controlling the standard In the paragraphs above we discussed three strategies for differentiation, and how various forms of alliances can contribute to competitive advantage. Bundling resources results in a new and more powerful business model. In their book „The Profit Zone‟27, Adrian Slywotzky and David Morrison describe a number of generic 'sources of profit protection' that allow a company or partnership to durably set itself apart from competitors. The main competitive advantages are identified as:   52 controlling a standard (as Microsoft does with Windows); controlling a value chain (Intel captures the most profitable part of the computer chain with its chips); Certainly in a market (segment) that doesn't yet have any clear standards, you can develop a new standard jointly with others. Successful examples include Apple and Nike with the integration of the iPod and running shoes, and the current attempt by Chrysler with Mercedes, General Motors and BMW to develop a hybrid car engine. If a standard has been set already, it may be an option to work with the party controlling that standard to develop distinctive supplementary products, such as accessories for the iPhone. Controlling the value chain To draw profit from controlling a value chain, there are various options:  Collaborate with a partner that owns the same scarce resources in the value chain, and to make price agreements where possible and permitted. For example, two companies wit