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Approximately 80% of exposure to radioactivity is natural and the rest comes from man-made sources. For example, exposure can occur from naturally occurring radiation from the emission of radon gas from rocks and soil, and radioactive elements in groundwater.
How could I be exposed to radionuclides
Individuals can be exposed to radionuclides by ingestion (eating or drinking) and inhalation (breathing). Dermal (skin) exposures to radionuclides are not considered to significantly contribute to increased health risks.
Certain rock types which have naturally occurring trace amounts of mildly radioactive* elements that serve as the "parent" to other radioactive contaminants ("daughter products"). These radioactive contaminants, depending on their chemical properties, may accumulate in drinking water sources at levels of concern.
*Mildly radioactive elements are defined as elements with very long half-lives.
How do radionuclides get into well water?
Radionuclides can get into ground water and into wells if you live in an area where they are naturally present in the rocks and soil.
What areas of the state are more likely to have high levels of radionuclides in groundwater?
There are limited data on the occurrence of radionuclides in North Carolina. We do know that these elements are associated with certain types of rock formations deep underground. The following map shows areas that are more likely to have elevated radon in groundwater based on the location of these rock formations. Radon co-exists with uranium, radium and other radionuclides, so this map also indicates where other radionuclides might be elevated in groundwater. Areas in or around the colored portions of this map may be impacted by radionuclides.
Read more:
https://www.ncdhhs.gov/divisions/health-service-regulation/north-carolina-radon-program/radon-well-water
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