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Lung cancer can be preventable, because most risk factors of lung cancer can be prevented if people have sufficient knowledge about that and the government should make specific policy and guideline on these environmental and occupational risk factors which attribute to lung cancer such as tobacco (smoke and smokeless) consumption (21). Therefore, environmental and occupational interventions are a solution for diminishing the incidence and mortality of lung cancer, by abolishing these risk factors by means of primary prevention.
Environmental factors can be physical (ionizing and non-ionizing radiations such as exposure to radon or ultraviolet (UV) radiation, respectively), chemical (such as asbestos, dioxins, metals (such as arsenic chromium, nickel, cobalt, etc.) and other pollutants found in industrial emissions, house hold smoke and second-hand smoke. Parents who have occupational exposures may increase the risk of cancer in their progeny(22). Lung cancer is strongly linked to environmental & occupational exposure (23).
Exposure may be widespread, starting from outdoor and indoor air pollution, or could be restricted to an area close to a certain industrial site. These exposures have been associated with a variety of neoplasms, but most important among these is lung cancer. Occupational health risks are also directly related to physical, chemical and biological factors that present in the environment. Lung cancer has most commonly been linked with occupational exposures and for which evidence is strong (24).
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