Connection Winter 2013 | Page 24

AGRONOMY PRECISION AG Reading the dirt Soil sampling sheds light on problem areas in fields i By Zach Eder dentifying investments that are most likely to succeed is one of the most important aspects of a successful business. The same goes for your farm. A strong soil sampling program is vital to proper application of fertilizer and soil amendments. Soil sampling can be conducted in many ways. Most commonly, a random sample, zoned sample or grid sample is used. All methods are better than not sampling, but more intensive sampling can aid in identifying problems within a field. At United Ag, we utilize a 2.5-acre grid sample for intense sampling. This is recommended for fields that are losing production, have not been thoroughly sampled recently or are new to the producer. However, following seasons can be sampled based on yield maps that illustrate high and low producing areas of the field. Pulling sampling from these areas helps determine nutrient usage and determine causes of lost production. Grid sampling establishes a baseline that helps identify the differences between similar producing regions of the field. Zone-based sampling allows similar producing ground to be treated together, and is most successful when paired with a yield monitor. This reduces the labor and costs associated with more intensive sampling 24 methods. This is a very strong approach to soil sampling, and maximizes the data collected in the yield monitor. Random sampling is the oldest method of sampling utilized here at the coop. Each field should have samples pulled prior to fertility and crop decisions for the following season. This will help identify basic budgeting for fertilizer and other soil amendments needs. Major issues detected from random sampling should be further investigated to fully understand the situation us- ing a zone or grid sample. All sampling should include multiple samples pulled from each target area, and then blended into one sub-sample that will be sent to a laboratory. This will aid is minimizing outliers in results, and helps make more accurate recommendations. Samples should be taken between 6 and 12 inches deep and uniformly across all samples. All samples taken by your coop agronomists are GPS marked for recordkeeping. Common findings in the Coastal Bend region include acidic pH, salt buildup and