Confero Spring 2015: Issue 10 | Page 29

How Endowments & Foundations Have Been Affected by the Financial Dip the +6% net of fees hurdle now looks closer to 9% nominal return, to maintain real purchasing power. We aren’t done; there are extra costs. The foundation may be a lean, cost-effective non-profit, but there may be a few people on staff. Are there miscellaneous taxes? Do you hire an accountancy firm full time or hire a Chief Financial Officer to take care of it? Does the foundation need the services of an attorney? Are there marketing personnel or community outreach staffers? Do you maintain an office? These costs may add another percentage point to the bottom line requirement. After fees, inflation, and other expenses, the charity may actually need a target rate of return closer to 10%, rather than the presumed 5% target. A 10% target is pretty high under the best of market circumstances. Making matters worse, the current market environment has unprecedented low interest rates. As a result, most fixed income portfolios have yields which are several percentage points below their historical averages. Therefore, to generate a high average rate of return upward of 10%, some foundations may need to allocate their portfolios heavily into equities and similarly aggressive, volatile asset classes. This, in turn, increases the probability of having significant depreciation during inevitable market downturns. favored status for certain foundations. • Some donors specifically require their donation to maintain its nominal value. Naturally, these restrictions will significantly influence the types of investment permitted and spending policy against those assets. • If spending targets are immune to market downturns (i.e. – you have committed spending), consider separating these earmarked funds into separately managed accounts. For example, if you’ve committed to spending $100K per year for 3 years, then establishing a separate corresponding bond ladder to match that commitment may be the best option. • Similarly, isolating restricted and unrestricted investments into separate portfolios is prudent. Going Forward Here are some action items you, or your committee, can take to ensure transparency in your operations and for your community network of donors, staff, and volunteers: • Set the criteria for spending behavior within your investment policy statement. • Set the expectations for spending projects when they are adopted. If spending targets are contingent upon market behavior, set expectation with those project managers. • Smooth out your spending targets based on 3-year or 5-year rolling performance. You can still be sensitive to market pressures without wild swings in spending levels. • Clearly establish your priority - which is either maintaining the current spending levels or protecting the perpetuity of the portfolio. You sometimes can’t have both. Of course, this assumes you have a choice in the matter. The 5% payout is a requirement for tax Gabriel Potter, MBA, AIF® is a Senior Investment Research Associate at Westminster Consulting. Gabriel can be reached at [email protected] www.conferomag.com | 27