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16649 Commissioning Newspaper-A4_Layout 1 04/08/2015 15:45 Page 11 www.healthpluscare.com/commissioning A clinical director agreed but said it would be a huge undertaking, and there are suspicions in the health world that local councillors will distort priorities for the NHS, and that devolving this service to a local authority had resulted in it being outsourced because of local government competitive tendering rules. Few doubted that genuine health and social care integration is worth aiming for. But delivering it is a big ask. There will be unintended consequences and continued questions about whether this is the beginning of a fragmentation of the NHS in England. Dr Wilkins concluded: “We are past the point, in local government, where we can make the necessary savings through efficiencies. It is about difficult decisions.” KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE REPORTS FROM THE SHOW INTEGRATING MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH: ENDING THE NATIONAL SCANDAL At least half of all people with long-term conditions suffer from multiple co-existing conditions. Mental health problems are one of the most common forms of co-morbidity, particularly among people from the most deprived population groups (Barnett et al 2012). M ental health problems interact with physical health and can trigger or severely exacerbate other conditions. For example, depression has been associated with a four-fold increase in the risk of heart disease (Osborn et al 2007) and a three-and-a-half-fold increase in mortality rates after heart attack (Lesperance et al 2002). Unidentified mental health problems often underlie 'medically unexplained symptoms', which cost the NHS around £3 billion each year and cause significant distress to patients (Bermingham et al 2010). Between 12 and 18 per cent of all NHS expenditure on long-term conditions is estimated to be linked to mental health problems (Naylor et al 2012). Across a range of conditions, each patient with co-morbid depression costs health services between 30 and 140 per cent more than equivalent patients without depression (Welchet al