Commercial Investment Real Estate Spring 2020 | Page 9
sprawl, you’re going to see more single-family
homes, and you’re going to have a continued
affordable housing crisis. What I suggest to
everybody else — and I’ll say it again right
now — is that the sky is the solution. Vertical
density is the solution to the affordable hous-
ing crisis, and the best way to solve that issue
is to change the restrictive single-family zon-
ing restrictions. This is what Minneapolis has
done, and it’s a great initiative.
CIRE: IN MARKETS WHERE RENT
CONTROL IS ALREADY AN ISSUE OR IS
BEING DISCUSSED, HOW CAN OWNERS
AND OPERATORS PLAN FOR CAPITAL
EXPENDITURES KNOWING THEIR INCOME
IS SOMEWHAT CAPPED?
LEVY: Well, that’s the challenge. It really
comes down to what you are willing to not
only pay for your building if you’re buying
into the market, but what you are going to pay
for capex in that building. And you probably
are capped at a certain level. The downside of
that isn’t just you’re not going to put capex in;
the real downside is you’re not employing the
plumbers, the carpenters, and the other trade
professionals who would have done the work.
It has this trickle-down negative impact not
only on not creating more affordable housing
units, more updated modern units. It also de-
stroys jobs for trades that would have worked
on these units.
CIRE: YOU MENTIONED THE SOLUTION IS
IN THE SKY FOR MARKETS LIKE MINNE-
APOLIS. BUT IN URBAN AREAS WHERE
RENT CONTROL IS ALREADY AN ISSUE,
WHAT CAN BE DONE TO BOOST AFFORD-
ABLE HOUSING?
LEVY: There are a lot of creative solutions out
there. I’ll give you a few examples that might
sound a bit off the wall, but they are real pro-
posals. Hong Kong is proposing an $80 billion
island right in the middle of the harbor to build
more affordable housing. Copenhagen is pro-
posing to put a $20 billion island in the middle
of the harbor to build affordable housing for
35,000 people. Every time I go to San Francis-
co, I take a look out of the CBRE office and I see
Treasure Island, which is between San Francis-
co and Oakland, right under the Bay Bridge. I
ask myself, why isn’t that being developed for
affordable housing? Right now, it’s completely
underdeveloped, with a few military bases on it.
To me, that’s Exhibit A of where we should look
to build. I would also support changing zoning
laws to allow more affordable density.
CIRE: OUTSIDE OF MULTIFAMILY, ARE
OTHER MARKET SECTORS FACING
CHALLENGES RELATED TO RENT CON-
TROL, WHETHER IT BE OFFICE, RETAIL,
OR INDUSTRIAL?
CIREMAGAZINE.COM
LEVY: These other sectors don’t seem to
produce the same political will to cap rents.
But at the same time, we are seeing, in cer-
tain markets, changes in tax assessments
on office buildings, in particular, which
shift some of the burden from single-family
onto [the office sector]. This has the same
essential implication of rent control by
increasing taxes on commercial buildings
(as opposed to capping revenue). You are
essentially putting a lid on rent growth in
those markets.
CIRE: FROM A PUBLIC RELATIONS STAND-
POINT, WHAT CAN THE INDUSTRY DO TO
SHOW RENT CONTROL ISN’T THE ANSWER?
LEVY: Affordable housing needs to be a con-
sideration, but these legislation and regula-
tion initiatives are not the way to get it done.
I’ll say this in a humorous way, even though
it’s a serious issue — but the issue isn’t Gor-
don Gekko who’s preventing new affordable
housing units, though a lot of people like to
think so. The issue is, for example, a little old
lady in Pasadena who through NIMBYism, or
not-in-my-backyard-ism, will simply not al-
low the vertical density in her community. In
the absence of loosening these restrictions, I
think we’re going to be in a fight of misper-
ception that it’s the industry that’s somehow
at fault, that we are not willing to build
these units. There is nothing further from
the truth. If you give us the ability to build,
we will. But if we can’t, the restrictions are
such that land then gets more expensive. It’s
an unfortunate vicious cycle. As you restrict
the availability of inexpensive land to build,
the other land gets more expensive, and you
density. It’s unfortunate, but it’s out there.
The infrastructure issue is solvable. How? It’s
solvable because, even in California, when
they were looking at putting additional ver-
tical density into these communities, it was
going to be near transit stops in Los Angeles.
Actually, L.A. has been at the forefront of ac-
tually getting some of this stuff done, trying
to change the zoning laws near transit stops.
But suburban communities within Califor-
nia shot it down, even near transit stops. To
me, the infrastructure issue is solvable by
building more density, expanding out from
urban centers to suburban transit areas.
CIRE: THE INDUSTRY, BY ITS NATURE,
IS GOING TO BE HESITANT TO AGREE
TO RENT CONTROLS AND INCREASED
REGULATIONS. BUT WHAT’S A PLAN B FOR
CRE PROFESSIONALS? HOW CAN WE LET
COMMUNITIES KNOW THAT BOTH AFFORD-
ABLE RENT IS AN ISSUE AND RESPONSIBLE
DEVELOPMENT IS ALSO POSSIBLE?
LEVY: All I can say is that your city is immo-
bile, but capital and talent can go anywhere,
and it will go where it’s most efficient. Those
Spencer Levy
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build even less affordable housing units be-
cause you have to build with a certain amount
of rent to recoup your land costs.
CIRE: AS FAR AS THE HESITATION TO
BUILD VERTICALLY, IS THAT RELATED TO
A LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE TO MATCH
THE INCREASED DENSITY?
LEVY: There’s some of that. But there are
some very good people who don’t want to
have vertical density in their communities
for bad reasons — and those reasons are not
allowing, quite candidly, people of a lower
socioeconomic strata to live in their com-
munities and go to their schools. That’s the
No. 1 reason why we don’t see a lot of vertical
cities that are going to be most restrictive
in their ability to attract new capital and
new development are eventually going to get
left behind.
Nicholas Leider
Senior content editor of
Commercial Investment Real Estate
Contact him at [email protected].
Editor’s note:
This article is an adapted excerpt from a full-
length Commercial Investment Real Estate
podcast. To listen to the full episode, head
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