Climate Action and Sustainability Plan June 2021 | Page 119

American elm , one of the most important street trees in the twentieth century , has been devastated by the Dutch elm disease ( DED ) ( Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry 1998 ). Since first reported in the 1930s , it has killed over 50 percent of the native elm population in the United States . Although some elm species have shown varying degrees of resistance , Mount Auburn Cemetery Sample Plots could possibly lose 1.0 percent of its trees to this pest ($ 58.3 thousand in structural value ).

Emerald ash borer ( EAB ) ( Michigan State University 2010 ) has killed thousands of ash trees in parts of the United States . EAB has the potential to affect 0.3 percent of the population ($ 17.8 thousand in structural value ).

The gypsy moth ( GM ) ( Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry 2005 ) is a defoliator that feeds on many species causing widespread defoliation and tree death if outbreak conditions last several years . This pest threatens 24.5 percent of the population , which represents a potential loss of $ 993 thousand in structural value .

As one of the most damaging pests to eastern hemlock and Carolina hemlock , hemlock woolly adelgid ( HWA ) ( U . S . Forest Service 2005 ) has played a large role in hemlock mortality in the United States . HWA has the potential to affect 2.4 percent of the population ($ 79 thousand in structural value ).

Quaking aspen is a principal host for the defoliator , large aspen tortrix ( LAT ) ( Ciesla and Kruse 2009 ). LAT poses a threat to 3.0 percent of the Mount Auburn Cemetery Sample Plots urban forest , which represents a potential loss of $ 58.1 thousand in structural value .

The pine shoot beetle ( PSB ) ( Ciesla 2001 ) is a wood borer that attacks various pine species , though Scotch pine is the preferred host in North America . PSB has the potential to affect 12.3 percent of the population ($ 348 thousand in structural value ).

Winter moth ( WM ) ( Childs 2011 ) is a pest with a wide range of host species . WM causes the highest levels of injury to its hosts when it is in its caterpillar stage . Mount Auburn Cemetery Sample Plots could possibly lose 31.6 percent of its trees to this pest ($ 1.71 million in structural value ).

Since its introduction to the United States in 1900 , white pine blister rust ( Eastern U . S .) ( WPBR ) ( Nicholls and Anderson 1977 ) has had a detrimental effect on white pines , particularly in the Lake States . WPBR has the potential to affect 6.4 percent of the population ($ 178 thousand in structural value ).

I-Tree Report of Ecosystem Analysis at Mount Auburn Cemetery Insert to the Climate Action and Sustainability Plan

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