very similar to the Turkish Party of
Labour. Under the leadership of the
working class and uniting the
peasants and all patriotic elements
to bring out revolutionary and basic
change by overthrowing the feudal
and imperialist forces which is only
possible by working under a
revolutionary ideology and tactics,
thus creating a revolutionary
movement for bringing the
revolution in Pakistan.
Q. No. 4. What kinds of policies
are being projected in the
monthly Awami Manshoor
magazine? What is its influence
on Pakistan left politics?
Ans: With a view to highlight the
labour movement in Pakistan at the
national and international level, the
magazine Manshoor was
published in 1964, as the organ of
Airways Employees Union - the
progressive trade union of the
Pakistan Airline – the PIA which
worked under the revolutionary
ideology. In 1974, under the rule
of Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali
Bhutto’s
government,
the
publication of the magazine was
banned. Publication of the
magazine under the name of Awami
Manshoor started again in June
1989 and it has continued as a
publication of our Pakistan
Mazdoor Mahaaz. The magazine
with its policy is making a
contribution to bring about a socio-
political change in the country. Its
readership is comprised of Urdu
readers across the country and in
outside countries especially in
India. It is a progressive magazine
which contains not only an objective
analysis of the political situation of
the country but international
analysis as well, in the light of
revolutionary ideology. It also
presents extracts of classical
literature, and the contribution of
poets and writers reflecting
progressive thought. It would not
be inappropriate to say that it is the
only progressive magazine of the
left-movement reflecting true
revolutionary ideology.
8
Q. No. 5. How do you see the
politics of USSR, China and
Albania after the death of
Stalin?
Ans: During my imprisonment in
1954, I happened to read in the
magazine titled ‘For A Lasting
Peace And People’s Democracy’
published from Bucharest, which I
somehow managed to get along
with my things and reading material
from home. In it was the central
news that Stalin’s tomb has been
dug out. I told my colleagues in jail
that if this could happen, then
some day Lenin’s tomb would also
be dug out – and this is what
happened after Stalin’s death. The
Communist Party of the Soviet
Union adopted revisionist policies,
and these policies resulted in the
break up of the USSR. Now the
former USSR has been completely
taken over by capitalist market
economic policies.
China, under Mao Tse-tung,
after Stalin’s death had however
continued with the revolutionary
ideology to some extent, and thus
it opposed both Russian
revisionism
and American
imperialism. Later, China, after the
border dispute with Russia, shifted
towards a pro-American line, and
by and by it too went over to the
market economy and now, to great
extent it is an ally of the U.S.
I would like to add here that in
1966 I was invited by the
Communist Party of China to the
Cultural Revolution celebrations on
1 st October 1966. After all that I
witnessed, I had the following three
points of reservation, which I
discussed there:
First: the question of the third
world: our point of view is that this
slogan is un-scientific, because we
believe that there are only two
worlds. The Third World slogan
was a substitute slogan of Tito’s
non-aligned movement. Their reply
to my viewpoint did not satisfy me.
Second: was their policy of
appreciating any government
which came to power in Pakistan
whether it was a military
dictatorship or a democratic
government, and they maintained
good relations with every
government.
Third: was the personality cult
of Mao Tse-tung though we also
have been appreciative of the role
of comrade Mao Tse-tung.
In 1978, I was again invited to
visit China, but by that time
comrade Mao Tse-tung had died
and was succeeded by Hua Kuo-
feng as the head of state. He had
gone to see the Shah of Iran and
he also went to meet Tito, thus
China had also adopted revisionist
policies, so I decided not to visit
China.
In the meantime I had come
into contact with comrade William
Ash and I discussed with him the
whole international scenario. He
agreed with me on some points,
and on the points where he
disagreed he referred me to read
the books by comrade Enver
Hoxha, especially his book
‘Reflections on China’. I then read
the complete set of books written
by comrade Enver Hoxha and I
totally agreed with his point of view
and we adopted that line in our
working.
Q. No. 6. What is the impact of
imperialist globalisation on the
economy and the working class
movement?
Ans: The United Nations secretary
general Kofi Annan says that
‘arguing against globalisation is like
arguing against the law of gravity’.
Some accept its inevitability, and to
some, it is the increasing of the
inter-connectedness of the world’s
problems, solutions and resources.
Global trends are shifting the
ground beneath our feet. The shifts
in society, technology and
environment are going to be great
challenges for the business
leaders in the next 30 years. As
one critic of globalisation said, ‘in
the swiftly changing global
Class Struggle