National language Language that is considered the chief language of a nation state.( Also see“ Official language.”)
Non-dominant language
Official school language( s)
Oral and written fluency / proficiency
A language that does not have official recognition or status within a country. Minority languages often fit into this category as do( or did) several languages with very large numbers of speakers. Examples are Punjabi in Pakistan, Zulu and Xhosa in apartheid South Africa, Quechua in several Latin American countries.
The language or languages mandated by government for teaching and learning in school. Many countries in Asia and the Pacific have more than one official school language.
The ability to understand, speak, read and write a language at the level required to communicate and to learn and apply new concepts.
Orthography The symbols and rules used to write a specific language. Official language
Official school language( s)
Pre-service teacher training
Policy makers
One of the languages selected by national or sub-national governments to be used for specific purposes, including education. Example: Urdu is the official language of Pakistan while Sindhi and Urdu are official languages in Sindh Province of Pakistan.( Also see“ National language”)
The language that is to be used for teaching and learning in school. Many multilingual countries in Asia have more than one official school language.
The teacher education programme that prepares new teachers for their classroom teaching assignment.
In education, the officials responsible for setting, interpreting and revising educational policies for the education system.
Pre-primary
Primary school( lower primary, middle primary, upper primary).
An educational programme for young learners before they enter Grade 1 of the formal system. Depending on the educational system, the programme may be called“ preschool” or“ kindergarten.”
A common term to describe the initial level of education in a formal education system, usually applied to grades 1-5,1-6 or 1-8.“ Lower primary” usually refers to Grades 1-2.“ Middle primary’’ usually refers to grades 3-4 and“ upper primary” can refer to grades 4-6 or 5-8.
Overview of this MTB MLE Resource Kit
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