Chemistry Newsletter Fall 2017 | Page 18

Ribometr Translational Medicine F or roughly a decade, Professor Kevin Weeks and his laboratory colleagues have been developing chemi- cal technologies for interrogating the structures of RNA molecules and then using these technologies to under- stand new features of biology. RNA is that funny little molecule that lies between DNA and proteins accord- ing to first-year biology textbooks. It turns out that RNA functions in a much more complex way than that simple picture and, in fact, drives central communication links in all cells. The technologies developed in the Weeks lab are now collectively called SHAPE and RING chemistries, have been adopted by laboratories worldwide, and are featured in several recent textbooks. W eeks lab members have used SHAPE and RING technologies to understand the structures of HIV 18 | CHEMISTRY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA and HCV genomes and to define mechanisms that un- derlie Huntington’s disease, leading to the proposal that RNA structure comprises another level of the genetic code. “This was all well and exciting” says Weeks, “but it became clear to us that we could use this same technol- ogy to potentially discover drugs to treat serious human diseases.” It turns out that a much larger fraction of the human genome is used to make RNA than to make pro- teins, but only a handful of current drugs actually target RNA. The bottom line was that RNA-targeted drugs rep- resented a huge, exciting, and risky opportunity. D r. Weeks started Ribometrix to realize this goal and recruited a former student, Katie Warner, to co-found the company with him. The key insight that inspires Ribo- metrix is that SHAPE and RING strategies can be used to | CHEM.UNC.EDU RNA Image by Christine Hajdin