Elements in which the last electron enters in the any one of the three p- orbital of their outermost shells – p-block elements
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Gen . electronic configuration of outer shell is ns 2 np 1-6
The inner core of e-config . may differ which greatly influences their physical & to some extent chemical properties .
• The block of elements in the periodic table consisting of the main groups :
• Group 13 ( B to Tl )
• Group14 ( C to Pb )
• Group15 ( N to Bi )
• Group 16 ( O to Po )
• Group17 ( F to At )
• Group18 ( He to Rn )
( 1 ) Members at the top and on the right of the p-block are nonmetals ( C , N , P , O , F , S , Cl , Br , I , At ).
( 2 ) Those on the left and at the bottom are metals ( Al , Ga , In , Tl , Sn , Pb , Sb Bi , Po ).
( 3 ) Between the two , from the top left to bottom right , lie an ill-defined group of metalloid elements ( B , Si , Ge , As , Te )
GROUP 13 : The boron group
Outer Electronic Configuration : -ns 2 np 1
• group members : boron ( B ), aluminum ( Al ), gallium ( Ga ), indium ( In )& thallium ( Tl ) . All , except boron , are metals .
• Boron show diagonal relationship with Silicon ; both are semiconductors metalloids & forms covalent compounds .
• Boron compounds are electron deficient , they are lack of an octet of electrons about the B atom .