Wrought iron or malleable iron is the purest form of commercial iron and is prepared from cast iron by oxidising impurities in a reverberatory furnace lined with haematite. This haematite oxidises carbon to carbon monoxide.
Fe2O2 + 3C → 2Fe + 3CO
3. Metal Copper( Cu) Occurrence Copper pyrites – CuFeS2 Copper glance – Cu2S
Common method of extraction Roasting of sulphide partially and reduction.
Cu2S + FeS is called matte. Blister copper contains 96-98 % copper with small amounts of Ag and Au as impurity.
4. Metal Zinc( Zn) Occurrence Zinc blen de or sphalerite-ZnS Calamine – ZnCO3 Zincite – ZnO
Common method of extraction Roasting followed by reduction with coke.
The metal may be purified by fractional distillation. 97-98 % pure zinc is called spelter.