For first order chemical reactions,
( Vo, Vt, and ∞ are the volumes of NaOH solution used for the titration of same volume of the reaction mixture after times 0, t and ∞ respectively.)
Pseudo First Order Reaction
Chemical reactions which appear to be of higher order but actually are of the lower order are called pseudo order reactions. In case of pseudo first order reaction, chemical reaction between two sr” stances takes place and one of the reactant is present in execess. e. g., hydrolysis of ester.
[ r O r t, and r ∞.. are the polarimetric readings at t = 0, t and ∞, respectively.] Methods to Determine Order of Reaction( i) Graphical method