Genetic code The relation between the amino acid and the nucleotide triplet is called genetic code.
Codons The nucleotide bases in RNA function in groups of three( triplet) in coding amino acids. These base triplets are called codons.
The world code is used with reference to DNA, codon with reference to m- RNA and anticodon with reference to t-RNA.
Lipids
The constituents of animals and plants soluble in organic solvents( ether, chloroform. carbon tetrachloride), but insoluble in water are called lipids.( Greek lipose = fat)
Types of Lipids( i) Simple lipids( a) Fats and oils on hydrolysis give long chain fatty acids + glycerol.( b) Waxes Long chain fatty acids + long chain alcohols.
Vegetable and animal oils and fats have similar chemical structure and are triesters of glycerol, called glycerol.
Simple glycerides contain one type of fatty acids. Mixed glycerides contain two or three types of fatty acids.
Common saturated fatty acids CH3-( CH2) nCOOH.
When n = 4 caproic acid; n = 6 caprylic acid; n = 8 capric acid, n = 10 lauric acid n = 12 myristic acid; n = 14 palmitic acid, n = 16 stearic acid.