Mechanism of Enzyme Action
Enzyme + Substrate → [ Enzyme substrate ] → Product + Enzyme Activated complex
Applications of Enzymes
( i) Treatment of diseases The congenital disease phenyl ketonurie caused by phenylalanine hyroxylase can be cured by diet of low phenylalanine content. Enzyme streptokinase is used for blood clotting to prevent heart disease.
( ii) In industry Tanning of leather, fermentation process etc.
Nucleic Acids
Important Terms of Nucleic Acids
1. Nucleotldes
Nucleotides consist of 5-carbon sugar + nitrogenous base + 1, 3-phosphate groups.
2. Pentose sugar It is either ribose or deoxy ribose( not having oxygen at C2).
3. Nitrogenous base
Derived from purines having two rings in their structure e. g., Adenine( A) and Guanine( G) and derived from pyrimidines having one ring in their structure e. g.,
Thymine( T), Uracil( U) and Cytosine( C).
Two H-bonds are present between A and T( A = T) while three H-bonds are present between C and G( C ≡ G).