( iv) Xanthoprotic test
Enzymes
Enzymes constitute a group of complex proteinoid compounds, produced by living organisms which catalyse the chlemical reaction.
Non-proteinous components enhance the activity of certain enzymes and are known as co-enzymes. These include metal ions like Mn 2 +, Mg 2 +, K +, Na +, Zn 2 +, Co 2 + etc., heterocyclic ring systems( pyrrole, purine, pyridine, etc.), a sugar residue, phosphoric acid residue of vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin etc.
Endoenzyme acts in the same cell in which it is synthesised, while exoenzyme acts outside the cell in which it is synthesised.
Nomenclature
They are usually named by adding the suffix „ ase ‟ to the root name of the substrate e. g., urease, maltase, diastase, invertase, etc.
Oxidative Enzymes
They catalyse oxidation-reduction reaction and are mostly conjugated proteins.