In aldehydes , the carbonyl group ( ) C = O ) is bonded to carbon and hydrogen , while in the ketones , it is bonded to two carbon atoms
Nature of Carbonyl Group
The carbon and oxygen of the carbonyl group are Sp 2 hybridised and the carbonyl double bond contains one o-bond and one π-bond .
The electronegativity of oxygen is much higher than that of the carbon , so there electron cloud is shifted towards the oxygen . Therefore , C-O bond is polar in nature .
Nomenclature
( i ) Nomenclature of aldehydes In IUPAC system , the suffix “ e ” of alkane is replaced by the suffIX “ al ”. e . g .,
( ii ) Nomenclature of ketones In IUPAC system , the suffix “ e ” of alkane is replaced by “ one ”. e . g .,