In allylic alcohols, – OH group is attached to sp 3 hybridised carbon but next to C = C bond.
e. g., CH2 = CH – CH2OH, Benzylic alcoho1( C6H5CH2OH)
Structure of Alcohols and Phenols
The oxygen atom of alcohols is Sp 3 hybridised and they have tetrahedral position of hybrid atomic orbitals.
The value of LROH bond angle depends upon the R group. For methyl alcohol, it is( ∠C – O – H) 108.9 ° due to repulsion of lone pairs.
In phenols, the – OH group is attached to Sp 2 hybridised carbon and thus, the C – O bond acquires a partial double bond character.
Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenol
In IUPAC, system, alcohol or alkanols are named by replacing the last word‘ e’ of the corresponding alkane by‘ ol’. e. g.,