CHANGING THE CULTURE | Page 20

Gender Studies at the University of Sussex, commissioned by the NUS, highlighted that there are a range of influences which shape a student’s experience of university, and where ‘lad culture’ is present it remains an influencing factor. This led the researchers to suggest that there was little in place to deal with the behaviour and attitudes identified as creating this culture on campus. A 2015 NUS poll of new students found that 17% of respondents had been victims of some form of sexual harassment during their first week of term and 29% had witnessed sexual harassment directed at someone else. 27. The NUS has defined ‘lad culture’ as ‘a group or pack mentality residing in activities such as sport and heavy alcohol consumption and ‘banter’ which was sexist, misogynist, or homophobic’.28 The Taskforce has not attempted to formulate its own definition of ‘lad culture’ as much of the research in this area has drawn upon the evidence provided by the NUS. Furthermore, the Taskforce recognised that the term ‘lad culture’ can be problematic. It could create the impression that what was being referred to was trivial and not serious, or lead to an assumption that misogyny, racism and homophobia are specific to an alcohol/sporting culture when they are present across all cultures and demographics. It could also create unfair stereotypes. Although there is no evidence to show that sexual harassment or homophobia is a direct result of ‘lad culture’, it can result in the normalisation of sexist and misogynistic behaviour. Moreover, this tacit acceptance of such behaviour can be unhelpful, resulting in students being less likely to come forward to report an incident. The evidence strongly advocates the importance of universities fostering tolerant, respectful environments within which violence, harassment or hate crime of any kind has no place. 28. A recently published survey (September 2016) by the alcohol education charity, Drinkaware, asked 2,004 students across the UK about their experiences of a night out. The survey found that 54% of 18 to 24-year-old female students experienced sexual harassment on nights out. Of these women, half said that this is experienced most or every time they go out. 15% of male students also said they have experienced sexual harassment on a night out.29 Drinkaware and UNILAD have teamed up to campaign against the normalisation of sexual harassment, and to raise awareness of the role that alcohol can play in this. This shows that the apparent link between alcohol and the normalisation of behaviour which constitutes sexual harassment continues to exist among students at universities. Although there is no official research to confirm this link, the evidence reviewed and received by the Taskforce does strongly suggest that incidents of sexual harassment often happen in conjunction with the consumption of alcohol. This underlines the importance of wider society, including entertainment venues, working in partnership with universities to address such issues. 29. The Taskforce also received some evidence relating to staff-to-student sexual harassment and violence. Although the primary focus of the Taskforce is NUS, That’s what she said: women students’ experiences of ‘lad culture’ in higher education (2012). https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/press/students-call-for-universities-to-take-action-against-drunkensexual-harassment/. NB 18–24 year olds made up 1,853 of the total sample of 2,004. 28 29 19