CBE Research Report Spring 2016 | Page 27

Poster Presentation 16 Derivation of Cortical Spheroids from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Suspension Bioreactor Yuanwei Yan, Liqing Song, Yan Li Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA Abstract: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) emerge as a promising source to construct human brain-like tissue in vitro for disease modeling and drug screening. While a suspension bioreactor can be used to generate large size of brain organoids from hPSCs through enhanced diffusion, the influence of a dynamic bioreactor culture environment on the brain tissue development from hiPSCs has not been well understood. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of a suspension bioreactor on the cortical spheroid (i.e., forebrain-like organoids) formation from hiPSCs. The bioreactor was seeded either with single undifferentiated hiPSK3 cells or pre-formed embryoid bodies that were induced toward neural lineages. Aggregate size distribution, neural marker expression (e.g., Nestin, PAX6, HOXB4, and beta-tubulin III), and cortical tissue patterning markers (e.g., TBR1, BRN2, SATB2, and vGlut1) were evaluated in comparison to static culture control. Bioreactor culture was found to promote the expression of TBR1, a deep cortical layer VI marker, and accelerated the expression of SATB2, a superficial cortical layer II-IV marker that appears later according to “inside-out” development pattern during cortical tissue generation. Prolonged culture after 71 days showed layer-specific cortical structure in the spheroids. Differential gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -3 was also observed for bioreactor culture and static culture. The altered expression of cortical markers by a suspension bioreactor indicates the importance of culture environment on the cortical tissue development from hiPSCs. Figure 1. A: The derivation schematic paradigm of cortical spheroid in the bioreactor. B: Representative phase contract images of spheroid at day 27 (scale bar 400 μm) and fluorescent images of cortical markers (Glut, GABA, TBR1, SATB2, and BRN2) and synaptic activity-related markers (SYN) (scale bar: 100 μm). C: The gene expression of neural markers by RT-PCR (day 32). D: Quantitative analysis of neurons (β-tubulin III) and cortical superficial layer marker (SATB2) (day 30). 26 | P a g e