CATALYST Issue 4 | Page 39

D Catalyst | Dexterity “All employers need to consider carefully the impact of their actions on corporate and individual wellbeing” While those free agents at the top of their game are able to negotiate the potential downsides of less traditional employment – including income variability, the need to fund retirement plans or health insurance themselves, or client non-payment – for workers at the lower income end, these present major challenges. A 2018 Report on the Economic Well-Being of US Households suggested that 58% of US workers relying on contingent work would have difficulty handling the unexpected expense of $400, evidence of a darker side of the so-called gig economy. There are clear implications here for public policy. A string of research, reports and early legal challenges are acknowledging the potential for companies to exploit those workers who have no choice but to join the contingent workforce and are being disadvantaged by gaps in income security and worker protections and benefits. In April 2019, for example, the European Parliament approved the Directive on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions in the European Union, binding Member States to re-balance employer flexibility versus workers’ rights and protections, however they are employed. Other solutions being debated include everything from better portability of benefits between employers to the trialling of a universal basic income. Much focuses around the employment status or classification of these workers, who are neither permanently employed nor truly self-employed. In force from January 2020, the California Assembly Bill 5, which explicitly limits the classification of workers as independent contractors rather than employees, was entirely driven by the problems caused by employee misclassification. “Tackling exploitation and the potential for exploitation at work” was also a central element of Matthew Taylor’s 2017 report on the future of work in the UK, Good Work. This calls for a clearer distinction between what Taylor calls “dependent contractors” and those who are genuinely self-employed, the better to provide the necessary protections and benefits for workers who fall into this category. But what should companies be doing while public policy catches up? It’s interesting that the 2019 Deloitte Global Human Capital Trends survey carries the title Leading with Social Enterprise. The report is clear that this is not the same as yet another round of corporate social responsibility or more pronouncements around social impact. Rather, it’s about balancing the need to deliver profits and returns for shareholders with “improving the lot of workers and customers, and the communities in which we live”. As the fourth industrial revolution creates high levels of disruption across the economy, politics and society, all employers need to consider carefully the impact of their actions on corporate and individual wellbeing. However we frame the debate around the contingent workforce, whether in terms of attracting and engaging with contingent workers with critical skills or an awareness of the exploitative potential of the gig economy, there is much to be said for Deloitte’s endorsement of five core human principles for social enterprise: purpose and meaning; ethics and fairness; growth and passion; collaboration and personal relationships, transparency and openness. Thirty years ago, Charles Handy anticipated that we’d need to respond actively to radical change all around us. The rise, and implications, of the contingent workforce is a prime example of the challenges we all face. Issue 4 - 2020 39