CardioSource WorldNews October 2015 | Page 21

Smoking Costs in PAD: An Economic Drag Tobacco use in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) may lead to a very large increase in PAD-related hospitalizations and a 30% increase in annual health costs, according to a study in the special Population Health Promotion issue of JACC. Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for PAD and individuals with PAD who continue to use tobacco also experience worsened leg ischemic symptoms, a higher incidence of critical limb ischemia, early failure of all revascularization therapies, a higher risk of amputation and higher short-term rates of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and death. Tobacco users with PAD also experience a lower quality of life and poorer exercises capacity than nonusers with PAD. Users who quit have far higher survival rates than those who continue to use tobacco. The health effect asso